Classical Swine Fever: Morphological and Morphometrical Study of Pulmonary Intravascular Macrophages

Carrasco, L.; Ruíz-Villamor, E.; Salguero, Francisco J.; Bautista, M.J.; Maciá, M.; Quezada, M.; Jover, A

doi:10.1053/jcpa.2001.0470

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Together with HKCs, the resident macrophages of the liver that adhere to endothelial cells in the sinusoids, PIMs have been shown in cats to be the main cells that rapidly phagocytose particles carried in the blood (Brain et al, 1999). PIMs have been identified as target cells for viruses, such as classical swine fever virus, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and African horse sickness virus, in acute infections (Thanawongnuwech et al, 1997;Carrasco et al, 1999Carrasco et al, , 2001, whilst HKCs can become infected with human and feline immunodeficiency virus and African swine fever virus (Bingen et al, 2002;Ciborowski & Gendelman, 2006;Sánchez-Cordó n et al, 2008). Although we were not able to demonstrate FCoV antigen within HKCs, HCKs may be responsible for the presence of FCoV RNA in the liver, particularly in nonviraemic cats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sites of feline coronavirus persistence in healthy cats

Kipar

Meli

Baptiste

et al. 2010

Journal of General Virology

116

149

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Feline coronavirus (FCoV) is transmitted via the faecal-oral route and primarily infects enterocytes, but subsequently spreads by monocyte-associated viraemia. In some infected cats, virulent virus mutants induce feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), a fatal systemic disease that can develop in association with viraemia. Persistently infected, healthy carriers are believed to be important in the epidemiology of FIP, as they represent a constant source of FCoV, shed either persistently or intermittently in faeces. So far, the sites of virus persistence have not been determined definitely. The purpose of this study was to examine virus distribution and viral load in organs and gut compartments of specified-pathogen-free cats, orally infected with non-virulent type I FCoV, over different time periods and with or without detectable viraemia. The colon was identified as the major site of FCoV persistence and probable source for recurrent shedding, but the virus was shown also to persist in several other organs, mainly in tissue macrophages. These might represent additional sources for recurrent viraemia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sites of feline coronavirus persistence in healthy cats

Kipar

Meli

Baptiste

et al. 2010

Journal of General Virology

116

149

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“…Other important factors affecting hemostasis are the consumption coagulopathy, the disseminated intravascular coagulation and the extreme thrombocytopenia produced in this disease [21,25]. In this context, few reports can be found of the effect of the CSF virus on swine endothelial cells [3,5,18,20,22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most studies related with endothelial cells in CSF reported until now have shown a histopathological point of view [5,18,20]. A recent study performed in vitro with porcine primary endothelial cell cultures has shown that the replication of CSF activates cell inflammatory responses but at the same time suppresses IFN production and apoptotic pathways [3].…”

Section: E Campos Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro effect of classical swine fever virus on a porcine aortic endothelial cell line

Campos¹,

Revilla²,

Chamorro³

et al. 2004

Vet. Res.

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-The effect of classical swine fever (CSF) virus on some phenotypic and functional features of an established porcine aortic endothelial cell (AOC) line was investigated. AOC cells show most of the characteristics of primary endothelial cells, avoiding the alterations and senescence that these cells undergo after a few passages in culture. AOC cells were susceptible to CSF virus infection to a high degree, reaching 90% of CSF virus positive cells after 24 h of infection; however as with other porcine susceptible cells, no cytopathic effect could be observed. In these conditions none of the surface molecules studied, including SLA-II MHC antigens, adhesion or co-stimulatory molecules, were altered by virus infection after 24 or 48 h. Functionally CSF virus infection induced a decrease in the pro-coagulant activity of the AOC cells, determined by the increase in the clot formation time shown by the lysates of these cells. This contrasts with the increase observed in the expression of mRNA corresponding to IL-1α and IL-6, two proinflammatory and pro-coagulant cytokines, in CSF virus-infected AOC cells.classical swine fever / endothelial cells / cytokines / pro-coagulant activity

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“…In swine and ruminants the amount of PIMs and the functional activity of phagocytosis show strong correlation (31)(32)(33). Several publications show that PIMs are also able to take up viral particles (e.g., hog cholera, African swine fever) during inflammation (34)(35)(36). Table 1 shows the receptors on the surface of PIM cells along with their molecular type and function.…”

Section: Phagocytosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary intravascular macrophages: prime suspects as cellular mediators of porcine CARPA

Csukás

Urbanics²,

Weber

et al. 2015

European Journal of Nanomedicine

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Pigs provide a highly sensitive and quantitative in vivo model for complement (C) activation-related pseudoallergy (CARPA), a hypersensitivity reaction caused by some state-of-art nanomedicines. In an effort to understand the mechanism of the pigs' unique sensitivity for CARPA, this review focuses on pulmonary intravascular macrophages (PIMs), which are abundantly present in the lung of pigs. These cells represent a macrophage subpopulation whose unique qualities explain the characteristic symptoms of CARPA in this species, most importantly the rapidly (within minutes) developing pulmonary vasoconstriction, leading to elevation of pulmonary arterial pressure. The unique qualities of PIM cells include the following; 1) they are strongly adhered to the capillary walls via desmosomelike intercellular adhesion plaques, which secure stable and lasting direct exposition of the bulk of these cells to the blood stream; 2) their ruffled surface engaged in intense phagocytic activity ensures efficient binding and phagocytosis of nanoparticles; 3) PIM cells express anaphylatoxin receptors, this way C activation can trigger these cells, 4) they also express pattern recognition molecules on their surface, whose engagement with certain coated nanoparticles may also activate these cells or act in synergy with anaphylatoxins and, finally 5) their high metabolic activity and capability for immediate secretion of vasoactive mediators upon stimulation explain the circulatory blockage and other robust physiological effects that their stimulation may cause. These qualities taken together with reports on liposome uptake by PIM cells during CARPA and the possible presence of these cells in human lung suggests that PIM cells may be a potential therapeutic target against CARPA.

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Classical Swine Fever: Morphological and Morphometrical Study of Pulmonary Intravascular Macrophages

Cited by 17 publications

References 24 publications

Sites of feline coronavirus persistence in healthy cats

Sites of feline coronavirus persistence in healthy cats

In vitro effect of classical swine fever virus on a porcine aortic endothelial cell line

Pulmonary intravascular macrophages: prime suspects as cellular mediators of porcine CARPA

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