Class Position and Political Opinion in Rich Democracies

Lindh, Arvid; McCall, Leslie

doi:10.31235/osf.io/wt5qx

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…As studies on perceived responsiveness demonstrate, actual responsiveness is indeed mirrored in perceived responsiveness. In a recent comparative analysis, Lindh and McCall (2020) show that in nearly all countries under analysis workers perceive the government as less responsive than members of the middle and upper classes. As a consequence, it is supposed that perceived unresponsiveness gives birth to anti-establishment attitudes, as a rational and an emotional reaction.…”

Section: Anti-establishment Attitudes: Prevalence Social Correlates and Political Repercussionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeling Left Behind by Political Decisionmakers: Anti-Establishment Sentiment in Contemporary Democracies

Droste

2021

PaG

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According to much of the extant literature, feelings and beliefs among many citizens of being left behind and unheard by unresponsive political decisionmakers, who lack moral integrity represent the epicenter of recent protest and populist discontent in democratic society. Based on survey data for 20 contemporary democracies from two ISSP waves, we found that anti-establishment attitudes are not shared among the majority of respondents. Although there are differences between country contexts. Such sentiment is associated with macrostructural dynamics, since unfavorable attitudes toward politicians are more widespread among publics in countries which are exposed to higher levels of public corruption and witnessed increasing levels of income inequality. Besides, such sentiment is also restricted to particular social groups of society, because hostile feelings toward political decisionmakers are stronger among citizens in the lower ranks of society and among younger birth cohorts. Since the beginning of the century and throughout the Great Recession, unfavorable attitudes toward politicians have not increased among the public in advanced democracies. However, our analysis indicates that respondents with such attitudes have increasingly turned toward voting for anti-elite parties to raise their voice and now make use of online options to express their political views more frequently than in the past. Overall, the analysis contributes to recent research on populist and reactionist dynamics in contemporary democracies by addressing dynamics and structures of the feeling of being left behind by political decisionmakers and its implications for political (in)activity.

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Section: Anti-establishment Attitudes: Prevalence Social Correlates and Political Repercussionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeling Left Behind by Political Decisionmakers: Anti-Establishment Sentiment in Contemporary Democracies

Droste

2021

PaG

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“…Following the advice by Lindh and McCall (2020), we only use high-quality data sets that both allow us to construct our class variable of interest and include important globalization related variables. We selected the General Social Survey of the Social Sciences (ALLBUS), the European Social Survey (ESS) and the German Longitudinal Election Study (GLES).…”

Section: Data Setsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opinion Polarization of Immigration and EU Attitudes between Social Classes – The Limiting Role of Working Class Dissensus

Dochow-Sondershaus¹,

Teney²

2022

Preprint

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Opinion polarization between groups with different social positions in societies’ structures of inequality, i.e. structural polarization, is a likely precondition for social conflict. This is because it indicates the presence of antagonistic social spaces where political attitudes align with material circumstances and many practices of everyday life. In this study, we investigate structural polarization between occupational classes by analyzing trends in opinions towards immigration and immigrants, and towards the European Union. These attitudes are main components of a potential globalization cleavage in European countries. Conceptually, we propose that we can only speak of structural polarization if there is both high within-class consensus and between-class dissimilarity. We propose a methodology based on three statistics that together allow a detailed description of structural polarization. In our empirical analysis, we pool data from three German high-quality surveys that include detailed information about individuals’ occupational class position. We find that the trends in the response distributions of the majority of our selected items do not indicate increasing class dissimilarity. Furthermore, the working class is low in consensus regarding its positions towards immigration, which makes class mobilization difficult, whereas the upper classes’ positions holds more homogenous positions. These findings do not support the idea of an encompassing class divide in general immigration or EU related attitudes.

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“…The middle economic layer consists of scholars and employees. c. Poor economic strata consist of laborers, farmers, construction workers, factory workers, and other irregular workers (Lindh & McCall, 2020).…”

Section: Incomementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of education level, income level, and tax policy on taxpayer compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic

Kurnia

Fajarwati

2022

ijhs

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Discipline in taxpayer compliance is essential, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The phenomenon of education level, income level and tax policy will create a dynamic form of obedience. Therefore, the researcher examined the effect of education level, income level, and tax policy on taxpayer compliance during the covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to determine the effect of education level, income level and tax policy on taxpayer compliance using a quantitative approach, using primary data obtained through questionnaires. The population used in this study is individual employee taxpayers at the Sukabumi Pratama tax service office in 2021, as many as 623,289 taxpayers. Based on the results of data analysis in this study, it can be concluded that education level, income level and tax policy had a simultaneous effect on taxpayer compliance at the Sukabumi Pratama tax service office. Partially, the education level and tax policy did not affect taxpayer compliance, while the income level had a significant positive effect on taxpayer compliance at the Sukabumi Pratama tax service office.

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Class Position and Political Opinion in Rich Democracies

Cited by 7 publications

References 52 publications

Feeling Left Behind by Political Decisionmakers: Anti-Establishment Sentiment in Contemporary Democracies

Feeling Left Behind by Political Decisionmakers: Anti-Establishment Sentiment in Contemporary Democracies

Opinion Polarization of Immigration and EU Attitudes between Social Classes – The Limiting Role of Working Class Dissensus

Effect of education level, income level, and tax policy on taxpayer compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic

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