Civil Society and the UN Security Council: Advocacy on the Rwandan Genocide

Oksamytna, Kseniya

doi:10.1057/978-1-349-94938-0_7

Cited by 17 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 17 publications

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“…The second avenue looks at peacekeeping as an international institution (for this approach to UN peacekeeping, see, for example, contributions to Oksamytna and Karlsrud 2020). Peacekeeping mandate negotiations are a site of global power struggles, with the five permanent members of the Security Council, the elected members, and non-state actors vying for influence (Oksamytna 2017). Since the UNSC is the embodiment of a great power concert, studying its approach to mandates can reveal the international society's normative priorities.…”

Section: Research Avenues Opened By the Pema Datasetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introducing the Peacekeeping Mandates (PEMA) Dataset

Salvatore

Lundgren

Oksamytna

et al. 2022

Journal of Conflict Resolution

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Research on UN peacekeeping operations has established that operations' size and composition affect peacekeeping success. However, we lack systematic data for evaluating whether variation in tasks assigned to UN peacekeeping mandates matters and what explains different configurations of mandated tasks in the first place. Drawing on UN Security Council resolutions that establish, extend, or revise mandates of 27 UN peacekeeping operations in Africa in the 1991–2017 period, the Peacekeeping Mandates (PEMA) dataset fills this gap. It records 41 distinct tasks, ranging from disarmament to reconciliation and electoral support. For each task, the PEMA dataset also distinguishes between three modalities of engagement (monitoring, assisting, and securing) and whether the task is requested or merely encouraged. To illustrate the usefulness of our data, we re-examine Hultman, Kathman, and Shannon’s (2013) analysis of operations’ ability to protect civilians. Our results show that host governments and rebel groups respond differently to civilian protection mandates.

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Section: Research Avenues Opened By the Pema Datasetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introducing the Peacekeeping Mandates (PEMA) Dataset

Salvatore

Lundgren

Oksamytna

et al. 2022

Journal of Conflict Resolution

Self Cite

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Advocacy and Change in International Organizations

Oksamytna

2023

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How do international organizations change? Many organizations expand into new areas or abandon programmes of work. This book argues that they do so not only at the collective direction of member states. Advocacy is a crucial but overlooked source of change in international organizations. Different actors can advocate for change: national diplomats, international bureaucrats, external experts, or civil society activists. They can use one of three advocacy strategies: social pressure, persuasion, and ‘authority talk’. The success of each strategy depends on the presence of favourable conditions related to characteristics of advocates, targets, issues, and context. Institutionalization of new issues in international organizations is a multistage process, often accompanied by contestation. This book demonstrates how the advocacy-focused framework explains the origins of three workstreams of contemporary UN peacekeeping operations: communication, protection, and reconstruction. The issue of strategic communications was promoted by UN officials through the strategy of persuasion. Protection of civilians emerged due to a partially successful social influence campaign by a coalition of elected Security Council members and a subsequent persuasion effort by Canada. Quick impact projects entered peacekeepers’ practice as the result of ‘authority talk’ by an expert panel. The three issues illustrate the diversity of pathways to change in international organizations, representing the top-down, bottom-up, and outside-in pathways. The three issues have achieved different degrees of institutionalization in the UN’s policies, structures, and frameworks: protection of civilians is the most institutionalized, as evidenced by measures to hold peacekeepers accountable for non-implementation, while quick impact projects are the least institutionalized.

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2023

Advocacy and Change in International Organizations

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Civil Society and the UN Security Council: Advocacy on the Rwandan Genocide

Abstract: The literature on the relationship between civil society and international institutions is rich and fast-growing. It has explored patterns of conflict and cooperation between civil society and international organizations (Steffek, 2013), civil society's access to international

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Introducing the Peacekeeping Mandates (PEMA) Dataset

Introducing the Peacekeeping Mandates (PEMA) Dataset

Advocacy and Change in International Organizations

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