Civic Stratification and the Exclusion of Undocumented Immigrants from Cross-border Health Care

Torres, Jacqueline M.; Waldinger, Roger

doi:10.1177/0022146515610617

Cited by 31 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Separated from family and community, and often working in dangerous occupations and targeted by discrimination, immigrants face significant mental and physical health risks. Not surprisingly, scholars have devoted vast resources to documenting and understanding the health needs of Mexicans in the United States (Ana P Martinez-Donate, 2014; Diaz, Koning, & Martinez-Donate, 2016; Goldman et al, 2014; Torres & Waldinger, 2015; Wallace, Mendez-Luck, & Castañeda, 2009). Studies show that Mexican immigrants' mental and physical health decline with time spent abroad (Creighton, Goldman, Pebley, & Chung, 2012; Goldman et al, 2014; Potochnick & Perreira, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies show that Mexican immigrants' mental and physical health decline with time spent abroad (Creighton, Goldman, Pebley, & Chung, 2012; Goldman et al, 2014; Potochnick & Perreira, 2010). Moreover, Mexican immigrants encounter substantial barriers to medical care in the United States (Torres & Waldinger, 2015). And yet, migration is not a one-way street.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…International migrants, especially those without proper authorization, exist in a liminal space, often excluded from formal institutions such as health insurance while in the United States (López-Sanders, 2017; Torres & Waldinger, 2015; Vargas Bustamante et al, 2012). Indeed, barriers to receiving care in the United States are such that many Mexicans living near the border return home to obtain medical care (Su, Richardson, Wen, & Pagán, 2011; Wallace et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Uninsured migrants: Health insurance coverage and access to care among Mexican return migrants

Wassink¹

2018

DemRes

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Background Despite an expansive body of research on health and access to medical care among Mexican immigrants in the United States, research on return migrants focuses primarily on their labor market mobility and contributions to local development. Objective Motivated by recent scholarship that documents poor mental and physical health among Mexican return migrants, this study investigates return migrants' health insurance coverage and access to medical care. Methods I use descriptive and multivariate techniques to analyze data from the 2009 and 2014 rounds of Mexico's National Survey of Demographic Dynamics (ENADID, combined n=632,678). Results Analyses reveal a large and persistent gap between recent return migrants and non-migrants, despite rising overall health coverage in Mexico. Multivariate analyses suggest that unemployment among recent arrivals contributes to their lack of insurance. Relative to non-migrants, recently returned migrants rely disproportionately on private clinics, pharmacies, self-medication, or have no regular source of care. Mediation analysis suggests that returnees' high rate of uninsurance contributes to their inadequate access to care. Conclusion This study reveals limited access to medical care among the growing population of Mexican return migrants, highlighting the need for targeted policies to facilitate successful reintegration and ensure access to vital resources such as health care.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Uninsured migrants: Health insurance coverage and access to care among Mexican return migrants

Wassink¹

2018

DemRes

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“…We thus understand the latter as a more encompassing notion in the sense that it focuses more specifically on the realisation of rights. Similar to border studies, studies on civic strati-fication focus mostly on national variations in civic rights (Morris, 2003;Torres & Waldinger, 2015). We would like to add to this research by showing that there is a need to include regional and local variations of civic stratification, as access to rights and practices can be different for migrants with the same legal status depending on their location in a nation-state.…”

Section: Autonomy Of Migration Differential Inclusion and Civic Strmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We argue that the legal rights of refugees are undergoing increasing stratification, whereby elements such as a refugee's legal status and country of origin, as well as the different localities in a nation-state where refugees are placed, are emerging as particularly significant. While past research has already pointed to the increasing stratification of access to rights and practices on the national level (Kofman, 2005;Morris, 2003;Torres & Waldinger, 2015), we seek to add to this debate by demonstrating the need to trace this stratification across multiple levels-national, federal state, local-and by showing how the resulting design of the system of (restricted) access is further affected by factors including local administrative practices, housing market actors, and civil society actors such as NGOs and refugees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refugees’ Access to Housing and Residency in German Cities: Internal Border Regimes and Their Local Variations

El-Kayed

Hamann

2018

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This article examines how state regulations, market barriers, racist discrimination as well as NGOs interact and create internal border regimes by enabling, as well as restricting, access to social and civil rights connected to housing and the freedom of movement and settlement for refugees. Our contribution builds on an analysis of federal and state regulations on housing for refugees who are either in the process of seeking asylum or have completed the process and have been granted an asylum status in Germany. The analysis aims to dissect the workings of these regulations in order to develop a detailed understanding of how these internal border regimes define barriers and access to social and civil rights. In addition to legal and regulatory barriers at the federal, state, and local levels, we identify several other barriers that affect if, how, and when refugees are able to enter local housing markets. We will examine these barriers based on an exemplary analysis of the situation in the cities of Berlin and Dresden, whereby we will apply concepts from border as well as citizenship studies to obtain a deeper understanding of the processes at hand. While contributions to the realm of border studies have so far mostly concentrated on national or EU borders, our approach follows recent literature that emphasises the need to analyse the workings of borders internal to nation-states but has so far not addressed local variations of the ways in which refugees are able to access their right to housing. In taking up this approach, we also stress the need to look at local dimensions of an increasing civic stratification of refugee rights, which past research has also conceptualised primarily on the national level. In both cities, we have collected administrative documents and conducted interviews with refugees, NGOs, and representatives from the local administration. Based on this material, we analyse the workings of administrative barriers at the state and local levels along with market barriers and discriminatory practices employed by landlords and housing companies at the local level. In most cases, these conditions restrict refugees' access to housing. We will contrast these obstacles with insight into the strategies pursued by refugees and volunteers in their efforts to find a place to live in the city.

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A longitudinal analysis of cross-border ties and depression for Latino adults

Torres

Lee

González

et al. 2016

Social Science & Medicine

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Recent scholarship suggests a significant association between cross-border ties, or ties maintained with family and friends in countries and communities of origin, and the mental health of immigrants and their descendants. To date, this research has been exclusively cross-sectional, precluding conclusions about a causal association between cross-border ties and mental health outcomes. In the present study we undertake a longitudinal analysis of the relationship between cross-border ties and depression measured over a ten-year period for a sample of immigrant and U.S.-born Latinos. Data are from the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging (1998-2008), a population-based, prospective study of Latin American-origin adults 60 years and older. We find that cross-border ties reported at baseline were significantly associated with depression in subsequent study waves, even after controlling for the presence of depression at baseline, albeit with substantial differences by gender and nativity. Specifically, communication with family and friends in Latin America and travel to Latin America at baseline were each significantly associated with greater odds of depression for immigrant women, but with lower odds of depression for U.S.-born Latina women over the study period. Travel to Latin America at baseline was significantly associated with lower odds of depression for Latino men across the study. Across all models we control for depressive symptomatology at baseline to account for the reciprocal nature of depressive symptoms and engagement with social ties, including cross-border ties. Our findings suggest that cross-border ties may represent a unique source of both resilience and risk for the long-term mental health of immigrant Latinos and their descendants.

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Civic Stratification and the Exclusion of Undocumented Immigrants from Cross-border Health Care

Cited by 31 publications

References 37 publications

Uninsured migrants: Health insurance coverage and access to care among Mexican return migrants

Uninsured migrants: Health insurance coverage and access to care among Mexican return migrants

Refugees’ Access to Housing and Residency in German Cities: Internal Border Regimes and Their Local Variations

A longitudinal analysis of cross-border ties and depression for Latino adults

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