Citygml Application Domain Extension for 3d Strata Representations in the Smartkadaster System: Towards Beyond Cadastre Purpose in Malaysia

Abstract

Abstract. Recent advancements in 3D city modelling and emerging trends in implementing and realising Digital Twins motivate the Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia (JUPEM) to develop and implement SmartKADASTER (SKiP) Phase 2. SmartKADASTER Phase I was a precursor to this system, and it primarily focused on applying two-dimensional (2D) spatial data for 3D spatial analysis. CityGML was used as the data model for various Levels of Detail (LoD) in this new initiative to represent city models across the Greater Kuala Lumpur region. SmartKADASTER however, lacks strata information. Therefore, to integrate strata information into the SKiP citymodel environment, an Application Domain Extension (ADE) for CityGML has been developed to convert existing Strata XML to StrataGML, a CityGML-compliant data output format. This paper describes the purpose of the SmartKADASTER initiative in Section 1. Section 2 explains additional context for the initiative as well as some backgrounds. Section 3 discusses the conversion workflow and ADE definitions, followed by a brief discussion of visualisation in Section 4 and a project summary in Section 5.

Implications of Automated Height Extrusion and the Selection of Height Reference for LoD 1 SmartKADASTER City Model

“…LOD 0-4 of CityGML with its accuracy requirements [9]. This paper builds on previous publications [1,[10][11][12][13][14] on 3D geovisualisation in the SmartKADASTER Phase II environment. This paper aims to discuss the implications of automatically extruding the LoD1 height reference from the LoD0 height reference using only the classified ALS point cloud of a building.…”

(m)App my data! Developing a Map-ability Rating and App to Rapidly Communicate Data Quality and Interoperability Potential of Open Data

“…Standards are usually considered vital, and extensive efforts have been undertaken to create mappings between various standards that relate to different aspects of physical objects. Examples from the built environment illustrate these concepts [Yu et al, 2022, Siew et al, 2021, Kumar et al, 2019, El-Mekawy and Östman, 2010, Sani et al, 2022, Saquicela et al, 2022.…”

Modelling underground cadastral survey data in CityGML

“…The third approach is extending existing data models to cover all data requirements. For example, some studies extended IFC (Atazadeh, Kalantari, Rajabifard, Ho, et al, 2017;Atazadeh, Kalantari, Rajabifard, Ho, & Champion, 2017) and CityGML (Halim et al, 2021;Nega & Coors, 2022;Saeidian et al, 2023aSaeidian et al, , 2023bSiew et al, 2021) to create a 3D integrated data model and reported this as a viable approach to develop a 3D integrated model. Although these studies developed a 3D integrated data environment, they only considered physical and legal data without incorporating survey data elements into the developed integrated model.…”

“…In this regard, a range of CityGML Application Domain Extensions (ADEs) has been developed in several domains (Biljecki et al, 2018). Some studies have also investigated and suggested CityGML for land administration purposes (Halim et al, 2021;Nega & Coors, 2022;Saeidian et al, 2023aSaeidian et al, , 2023bSiew et al, 2021). However, this data model does not support cadastral survey elements in the current version (CityGML 3.0) and the studies also ignored defining these elements in the proposed…”