Citrobacter freundii as a cause of disease in fish

Abstract

The paper describes an illness of one-year rainbow trout fry that was characterized by gastroenteritis and progressively high mortality, but which did not indicate a typical bacterial infection; and a clinical illness of cyprinids that indicated typical acute bacterial septicemia caused by Gram-negative bacteria. These diseases of rainbow trout and cyprinids were caused by the Gram-negative motile bacterium Citrobacter freundii. Cultures of Citrobacter freundii were isolated and identified on the basis of key phenotypic characters and with the aid of the Api 20 E system. Pathohistological examination confirmed inflammatory changes in the intestine of rainbow trout; and inflammatory and necrotic changes in the internal organs of cyprinids. We were able to reproduce the illness by means of artificial infection with a pure culture of Citrobacter freundii. This is the first published report confirming Citrobacter freundii as a cause of fish disease in Serbia

Detection of Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 in association with an Aeromonas sobria infection of Carassius carassius (L.), in Italy

“…Mass mortalities of cyprinid fish have been reported by authors in several countries (Svetlana, Dobrila & Veljović ; Grimmet et al . ; Matsui et al .…”

Antibacterial potential of phytochemicals alone or in combination with antimicrobials against fish pathogenic bacteria

“…Bacteria of the genus Aeromonas are recognized for their capacity of haemolysis and biofilm formation, factors that interfere in the strain virulence (Millezi et al 2013;Sutili et al 2014). Citrobacter freundii is a member of the family Enterobacteriaceae that has been reported causing cutaneous haemorrhagic rash and renal granulomas in moonfish (Spring springs), gastroenteritis in fingerlings of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), acute haemorrhagic septicaemia in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and lesions in the gills and kidneys, severe enteritis, and haemorrhagic septicaemia in catfish (Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum) (Sato et al 1982;Karunasagar et al 1992;Svetlana et al 2003;P adua et al 2014). Raoultella ornithinolytica is an environmental Gram-negative bacilli that produces histamine, which leads to poisoning by ingestion of contaminated fish (Kanki et al 2002).…”

bakteri pada ikan gabus Channa striata, semah Tor spp., dan baung Hemibagrus sp.: identifikasi, virulensi, dan kerentanan terhadap beberapa antibiotik

“…Bakteri Citrobacter freundii menyebabkan kematian kronis pada ikan manfish (Pherophyllum scalare) dengan gejala menunjukkan kelesuan, tumor bibir, hemoragi, dan granuloma hati (Gallani et al, 2016). Uji karakter fenotipik menggunakan Api 20 E berhasil mengidentifikasi bakteri Citrobacter freundii pada kasus kematian ikan rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) di Serbia dengan gejala adanya gastroenteritis, inflamasi di usus, peradangan, dan nekrotik di organ internal (Svetlana et al, 2003). Bakteri C. freundii juga teridentifikasi dari kasus kematian ikan rainbow trout yang dipelihara dalam karamba di Wilayah Laut Hitam Turki (Ture & Kutlu, 2018).…”