Cistus incanus from Strandja Mountain as a Source of Bioactive Antioxidants

Abstract

The purpose of the present study is to survey the extraction conditions and explore the antioxidant potential of the wild herb Cistus incanus, which is non-traditional in Bulgarian ethnomedicine and widespread in the Strandja Mountain. The influence of the extraction time (0–500 min) and solvent composition (0–50% ethanol in water) on the polyphenols, flavonoid yields and on the antioxidant capacity of the extracts of leaves, stalks (wood parts) and bud mixture were studied. The antioxidant capacity (AOC) was evaluated by use of scavenging assays of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were quantified using UV–vis (ultraviolet-visible) spectrophotometry. The optimal yield of the desired components was obtained with 30% ethanol in water solvent at the 390th min of extraction time. In addition, the influence of seasonality (winter and summer Cistus incanus), and of the different aerial parts—hard-coated seeds, buds, and a mixture of leaves and stalks of the wild plant—on the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, and AOC were investigated. The present work revealed that the high values of polyphenols, flavonoids and the high AOC occurred not only in the summer leaves, but were also found in the winter leaves, hard-coated seeds, buds, and stalks. Based on the obtained results, the Cistus incanus from Strandja Mountain could be an excellent new source of natural antioxidants in food and for the pharmaceutical industries.

The polyphenol composition of Cistus incanus L., Trachystemon orientalis L. and Melissa offi cinalis L. infusions by HPLC-DAD method

“…Cistus incanus is called a medicine herbal plant in the Mediterranean due to its antimicrobial, anti-infl ammatory, cytotoxic and antiulcerogenic properties [5,6,31] This work allows the use of the selected infusions with high added value antioxidants to be used such as dietary additives.…”

“…The wild herb Cistus incanus is not traditional in Bulgarian ethnomedicine but is widespread in all Strandja Mountain [5].…”

“…Open J Anal Bioanal Chem 3(1): 031-038. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/ojabc.000008 the high antioxidant capacity occurred not only in the leaves but were also found in the Cistus incanus hard-coated seeds [5]. The history of the Holy rose in the world began an ancient time [6].…”

Stability and anti-proliferative properties of biologically active compounds extracted from Cistus L. after sterilization treatments

“…Content of biologically active compounds in the investigated extracts. * TPC expressed as the gallic acid equivalent which is commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry to determine the total phenol content 57 ; **TFC expressed as the quercetin equivalent. (2020) 10:6521 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-63444-3…”

<em>Cistus incanus</em> L. as an Innovative Functional Additive to Wheat Bread

“…Therefore, standardizing the processing parameters is of utmost importance. Domcheva et al [11] showed that the technique and conditions adopted for extraction process have a significant impact on the yield of polyphenols and flavonoids, as well as on the antioxidant capacity of the final product. In other study [12], the influence of plant parts and particle size of CI on the extractability of phenolic compounds was demonstrated.…”