cis-Element- and Transcriptome-Based Screening of Root Hair-Specific Genes and Their Functional Characterization in Arabidopsis

Won, Su-Kyung; Lee, Yong-Ju; Lee, Ha-Yeon; Heo, Yoon-Kyung; Cho, Misuk; Cho, Hyung-Taeg

doi:10.1104/pp.109.140905

Cited by 186 publications

(233 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Other genes, like HHD2, regulate root hair elongation through the regulation of various cellular components. Such genes include COW1, MYA2, RHD2, EXPA7, RHS2, RSL2, and ACTIN2 (Cho and Cosgrove, 2002;Ringli et al, 2002;Foreman et al, 2003;Böhme et al, 2004;Peremyslov et al, 2008;Won et al, 2009;Yi et al, 2010). For example, a widely characterized cellular component involved in root hair elongation is ROS, which is produced by NADPH activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haustorial Hairs Are Specialized Root Hairs That Support Parasitism in the Facultative Parasitic Plant Phtheirospermum japonicum

et al. 2015

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A haustorium is the unique organ that invades host tissues and establishes vascular connections. Haustorium formation is a key event in parasitism, but its underlying molecular basis is largely unknown. Here, we use Phtheirospermum japonicum, a facultative root parasite in the Orobanchaceae, as a model parasitic plant. We performed a forward genetic screen to identify mutants with altered haustorial morphologies. The development of the haustorium in P. japonicum is induced by host-derived compounds such as 2,6-dimethoxy-p-benzoquinone. After receiving the signal, the parasite root starts to swell to develop a haustorium, and haustorial hairs proliferate to densely cover the haustorium surface. We isolated mutants that show defects in haustorial hair formation and named them haustorial hair defective (hhd) mutants. The hhd mutants are also defective in root hair formation, indicating that haustorial hair formation is controlled by the root hair development program. The internal structures of the haustoria in the hhd mutants are similar to those of the wild type, indicating that the haustorial hairs are not essential for host invasion. However, all the hhd mutants form fewer haustoria than the wild type upon infection of the host roots. The number of haustoria is restored when the host and parasite roots are forced to grow closely together, suggesting that the haustorial hairs play a role in stabilizing the host-parasite association. Thus, our study provides genetic evidence for the regulation and function of haustorial hairs in the parasitic plant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haustorial Hairs Are Specialized Root Hairs That Support Parasitism in the Facultative Parasitic Plant Phtheirospermum japonicum

et al. 2015

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“…4) was composed of 52 genes, most of which have been related to root hair development by transcriptional profiling experiments with root hair-defective mutants (Jones et al, 2006), microarray-based deduction of root hair-specific ciselements (Won et al, 2009), or by information-driven approaches (Breen and Grierson, 2007). Generally, genes in this cluster were expressed later in the course of the response to Pi deficiency than those in RM1.…”

Section: Coexpression-based Gene Clustering Predicts Modules With Funmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coexpression-Based Clustering of Arabidopsis Root Genes Predicts Functional Modules in Early Phosphate Deficiency Signaling

et al. 2011

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Phosphate (Pi) deficiency triggers the differential expression of a large set of genes, which communally adapt the plant to low Pi bioavailability. To infer functional modules in early transcriptional responses to Pi deficiency, we conducted time-course microarray experiments and subsequent coexpression-based clustering of Pi-responsive genes by pairwise comparison of genes against a customized database. Three major clusters, enriched in genes putatively functioning in transcriptional regulation, root hair formation, and developmental adaptations, were predicted from this analysis. Validation of gene expression by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR revealed that transcripts from randomly selected genes were robustly induced within the first hour after transfer to Pi-deplete medium. Pectin-related processes were among the earliest and most robust responses to Pi deficiency, indicating that cell wall alterations are critical in the early transcriptional response to Pi deficiency. Phenotypical analysis of homozygous mutants defective in the expression of genes from the root hair cluster revealed eight novel genes involved in Pi deficiency-induced root hair elongation. The plants responded rapidly to Pi deficiency by the induction of a subset of transcription factors, followed by a repression of genes involved in cell wall alterations. The combined results provide a novel, integrated view at a systems level of the root responses that acclimate Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) to suboptimal Pi levels.

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“…Several root hairspecific genes have been implicated in root hair growth in Arabidopsis. For example, defects in hair elongation and morphogenesis are caused by the loss of Arabidopsis thaliana LEUCINE RICH REPEAT/EXTENSIN 1 (AtLRX1) and AtLRX2 (Baumberger et al, 2001;2003), and root hair length is reduced by the overexpression of a putative cell wall peroxidase, ROOT HAIR SPECIFIC 18 (RHS18; Won et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These genes encode proteins that may be specific for root hair growth in the Poaceae. Thus far, all root hair-specific EXPs carry root hair-specific ciselements (RHEs) in the proximal promoter region, indicating that these genes are subject to regulation by orthologous transcriptional components (Kim et al, 2006;Won et al, 2009;. However, the biological functions of these genes remain to be characterized in vivo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root Hair-Specific EXPANSIN A7 Is Required for Root Hair Elongation in Arabidopsis

Lin

Choi

Cho

2011

Molecules and Cells

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107

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Expansins are non-hydrolytic cell wall-loosening proteins that are involved in the cell wall modifications that underlie many plant developmental processes. Root hair growth requires the accumulation of cell wall materials and dynamic cell wall modification at the tip region. Although several lines of indirect evidence support the idea that expansin-mediated wall modification occurs during root hair growth, the involvement of these proteins remains to be demonstrated in vivo. In this study, we used RNA interference (RNAi) to examine the biological function of Arabidopsis thaliana EXPANSIN A7 (AtEXPA7), which is expressed specifically in the root hair cell. The root hairspecific AtEXPA7 promoter was used to drive RNAi expression, which targeted two independent regions in the AtEXPA7 transcript. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR analyses were used to examine AtEXPA7 transcript levels. In four independent RNAi transformant lines, RNAi expression reduced AtEXPA7 transcript levels by 25-58% compared to controls. Accordingly, the root hairs of RNAi transformant lines were 25-48% shorter than control plants and exhibited a broader range of lengths than the controls. Our results provide in vivo evidence that expansins are required for root hair tip growth.

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cis-Element- and Transcriptome-Based Screening of Root Hair-Specific Genes and Their Functional Characterization in Arabidopsis

Cited by 186 publications

References 53 publications

Haustorial Hairs Are Specialized Root Hairs That Support Parasitism in the Facultative Parasitic Plant Phtheirospermum japonicum

Haustorial Hairs Are Specialized Root Hairs That Support Parasitism in the Facultative Parasitic Plant Phtheirospermum japonicum

Coexpression-Based Clustering of Arabidopsis Root Genes Predicts Functional Modules in Early Phosphate Deficiency Signaling

Root Hair-Specific EXPANSIN A7 Is Required for Root Hair Elongation in Arabidopsis

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