Circumferential and Longitudinal Strain in 3 Myocardial Layers in Normal Subjects and in Patients with Regional Left Ventricular Dysfunction

Leitman, Marina; Lysiansky, Michael; Lysyansky, Peter; Friedman, Zvi; Tyomkin, Vladimir; Fuchs, Therese; Adam, Dan; Krakover, Ricardo; Vered, Zvi

doi:10.1016/j.echo.2009.10.004

Cited by 168 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…For all of the variables obtained in this plane, the endocardial values were higher than the epicardial, except for LSt, which was similar in both regions, a fact previously reported in humans by Leitman et al (2010). In a study by Decloedt et al (2011), the values observed for horses were much higher than those observed for the wolf in our study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 44%

Strain and strain rate by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in a maned wolf

et al. 2012

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Pesq. Vet. Bras. 32(12):1336-1340, dezembro 2012 1336 RESUMO.-[Strain e strain rate por meio de ecocardiograϐia speckle traking bidimensional em um lobo-guará.] A obtenção de parâmetros cardiovasculares em animais selvagens são importantes de serem avaliados, assim como em animais de companhia, para a obtenção da função miocárdica e determinação precoce de alterações cardíacas que poderiam evoluir para insuϐiciência cardíaca . A ecocardiograϐia speckle tracking (2D STE) é uma ferramenta nova que tem sido utilizada em medicina veterinária, a qual tem demonstrado várias vantagens quanto ao seu uso, como a The measurement of cardiovascular features of wild animals is important, as is the measurement in pets, for the assessment of myocardial function and the early detection of cardiac abnormalities, which could progress to heart failure. Speckle tracking echocardiography (2D STE) is a new tool that has been used in veterinary medicine, which demonstrates several advantages, such as angle independence and the possibility to provide the early diagnosis of myocardial alterations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the left myocardial function in a maned wolf by 2D STE. Thus, the longitudinal, circumferential and radial strain and strain rate were obtained, as well as, the radial and longitudinal velocity and displacement values, from the right parasternal long axis four-chamber view, the left parasternal apical four chamber view and the parasternal short axis at the level of the papillary muscles. The results of the longitudinal variables were -13.52±7.88, -1.60±1.05, 4.34±2.52 and 3.86±3.04 for strain (%), strain rate (1/s), displacement (mm) and velocity (cm/s), respectively. In addition, the radial and circumferential Strain and Strain rate were 24.39±14.23, 1.86±0.95 and -13.69±6.53, -1.01±0.48, respectively. Thus, the present study provides the ϐirst data regarding the use of this tool in maned wolves, allowing a more complete quantification of myocardial function in this species.INDEX TERMS: Cardiac function, Chrysocyon brachyurus, maned wolf, systolic function, wild canid. independência do ângulo de insonação e a possibilidade de se obter o diagnóstico precoce de alterações miocárdi-cas. Objetivou-se avaliar a função miocárdica esquerda de um lobo guará por meio do uso da 2D STE. Desta forma, foram obtidas as variáveis Strain e Strain Rate longitudinais, circunferenciais e radiais, assim como a velocidade e o deslocamento longitudinais e radiais, utilizando os cortes eixo longo paraesternal direito quatro câmaras, paraesternal esquerdo apical quatro câmaras e eixo curto paraesternal direito no plano dos músculos papilares. Os resultados das variáveis longitudinais fora -13,52±7,88, -1,60±1,05, 4,34±2,52 e 3,86±3,04 para Strain (%), Strain rate (1/s), deslocamento (mm) e velocidade (cm/s), respectivamente. Quanto ao Strain e Strain rate radiais e circunferenciais foram obtidos 24,39±14,23, 1,86±0,95 e -13,69±6,53, -1,01±0,48. Portanto, o presente estudo fornece os primeiPesq. Vet. Bras. 32(12):1336-1340, de...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 44%

Strain and strain rate by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in a maned wolf

et al. 2012

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“…This is in accordance with a previous study. 25 LV systolic function is a complex coordinated action that involves longitudinal contraction, resulting in a shortening and twisting movement in the longitudinal axis, and circumferential contraction, resulting in shortening in the horizontal axis. The longitudinal LV mechanics, which are primarily governed by the subendocardial region, are the most vulnerable component of LV mechanics; therefore, this is the most sensitive part in a myocardial disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Method for Sensitive Determination of Subclinical Left-Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in Subjects With Obstructive Sleep Apnea

et al. 2015

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BACKGROUND: This study was to evaluate the subclinical left-ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction with 2-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography in subjects with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with normal left ventricular ejection fraction and without any confounding disease that can cause myocardial dysfunction. METHODS: Nineteen healthy individuals and 60 subjects with OSA were included in this study. According to the severity of disease, OSA subjects were examined in 3 groups: mild, moderate, and severe OSA. LV apical views (for longitudinal strain) and short-axis views (for circumferential strain) were acquired for evaluation. Three-layer longitudinal strain values and circumferential strain values were determined for each view, and averages of these were used in comparison with other groups. RESULTS: Three-layer longitudinal strain values of the subjects with OSA were lower than those of the healthy individuals, and these values were decreased along with the OSA severity. The difference was significant between severe OSA and all other groups. Three-layer circumferential strain values of the OSA subjects were lower than those of the healthy individuals, and the difference was significant between the control group and all other groups. The apnea hypopnea index was found to be correlated with the 3-layer longitudinal strain (r ‫؍‬ ؊0.74, P < .001; r ‫؍‬ ؊0.72, P < .001; r ‫؍‬ ؊0.69, P ‫؍‬ <.001). CONCLUSIONS: Three-layer longitudinal and circumferential LV systolic functions in OSA subjects with normal left ventricular ejection fraction are deteriorated in the subclinical stage. Two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography can be used as an effective method in the determination of subclinical myocardial dysfunction in subjects with OSA. Key words: obstructive sleep apnea; speckle-tracking echocardiography; myocardial strain. [Respir Care 2016;61(3):366 -375.

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“…5- 7 The rapid advancement of computer technology allows us to measure layer-specific strain across the myocardium using some ultrasound systems and software. [8][9][10] Despite the rapid adoption of this new technology, the normal range of LV 2-D strain has been traditionally measured in a small number of subjects. Little information exists regarding the equivalency of the normal ranges of LV 2-D strains when comparing ultrasound systems from different vendors; moreover, evidence for a good inter-vendor agreement of 2-D strain data from the same subjects remains to be elucidated.…”

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confidence: 99%

Normal Range of Left Ventricular 2-Dimensional Strain

Takigiku

Takeuchi

Izumi

et al. 2012

Circ J

241

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Circulation Journal Official Journal of the Japanese Circulation Society http://www. j-circ.or.jp wo-dimensional (2-D) speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) is being increasingly used for the quantification of global and regional left ventricular (LV) mechanics. 1,2 Previous studies have validated the accuracy of STE against cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, a reference standard. 3, 4 The superiority of STE compared with LV ejection fraction has been reported in several clinical settings. 5-7 The rapid advancement of computer technology allows us to measure layer-specific strain across the myocardium using some ultrasound systems and software. 8-10Despite the rapid adoption of this new technology, the normal range of LV 2-D strain has been traditionally measured in a small number of subjects. Little information exists regarding the equivalency of the normal ranges of LV 2-D strains when comparing ultrasound systems from different vendors; moreover, evidence for a good inter-vendor agreement of 2-D strain data from the same subjects remains to be elucidated. 11-14 This inter-vendor agreement of 2-D strain is necessary for conducting a longitudinal follow-up or a cross-sectional assessment of the LV function using 2-D strain, because many ultrasound laboratories utilize a variety of ultrasound systems and analysis software packages from different vendors. Accordingly, in this multicenter study of healthy volunteers, the aims were to (1) establish the normal range of LV 2-D strain in a large number of healthy subjects; and (2) determine the inter-vendor, observer and test-retest variabilities of 2-D strain. Satoshi Nakatani, MD on behalf of the JUSTICE investigatorsBackground: To determine the normal range of left ventricular (LV) 2- dimensional (2-D) strain and vendor-specific differences, a multicenter prospective 2-D strain study endorsed by the Japanese Society of Echocardiography was conducted.

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Circumferential and Longitudinal Strain in 3 Myocardial Layers in Normal Subjects and in Patients with Regional Left Ventricular Dysfunction

Cited by 168 publications

References 25 publications

Strain and strain rate by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in a maned wolf

Strain and strain rate by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in a maned wolf

A Novel Method for Sensitive Determination of Subclinical Left-Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in Subjects With Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Normal Range of Left Ventricular 2-Dimensional Strain

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