Circulatory health risks from additive multi-pollutant models: short-term exposure to three common air pollutants in Canada

Abstract

Numerous studies have reported adverse health effects of ambient air pollution on circulatory health outcomes mainly based on single-pollutant models. However, limited studies have focused on adjusted effect of multi-pollutant exposures on public health. This study aimed to examine short-term effects of three common air pollutants—ground-level ozone (ozone), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and fine particulate matter (PM2.5)—through multi-pollutant models for mixed effect of adjustment. Daily data (circulatory hospitalization and mortality) and hourly data (air pollutants and temperature) were collected for 24 Canadian cities for 2001–2012. We applied generalized additive over-dispersion Poisson regression models with 1, 2, or 3 pollutants for city-specific risks, and Bayesian hierarchical models for national risks. This study found little mixed effect of adjustment through multi-pollutant models (ozone and/or NO2 and/or PM2.5) for circulatory hospitalization or mortality in Canada for 2001–2012, indicating that the 1-pollutant model did not result in considerable under- or over-estimates. It seemed weak-to-moderate correlations among air pollutants did not change the significant effect of one air pollutant after accounting for others. Inconsistent findings between other previous studies and this study indicate the need of comparable study design for multi-pollutant effect analysis.

Effects of ambient air pollution on obesity and ectopic fat deposition: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…The exposures include major air pollutants: PM 2.5 , NO 2 , O 3 and SO 2 . 53 Exposure to outcome estimates measured in 10 micro-gram per meter cube (µg/m 3 ) increment for PM 2.5 , and per 10 parts per billion (ppb) increment for SO 2 , NO 2 and O 3 . We will include any study that assesses exposure to at least one of these pollutants.…”

A Multi-Pollutant and Meteorological Analysis of Cardiorespiratory Mortality among the Elderly in São Paulo, Brazil—An Artificial Neural Networks Approach

“…On the other hand, using the same statistical model, Zhang et al [ 44 ] found a decrease in the association between NO 2 and cardiovascular mortality when the model was adjusted considering SO 2 and PM 10 pollutants. More recently, Shin et al [ 45 ] applied generalized additive over-dispersion Poisson regression models and described that the individual effects of O 3 , NO 2 , and PM 2.5 pollutants were not considered under or over-estimated when compared with multi-two or three pollutants models.…”