Circulation and multiple-scale variability in the Southern California Bight

Dong, Changming; Idica, Eileen Y.; McWilliams, James C.

doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2009.07.005

Cited by 112 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…1 C and D, respectively) show expected changes in oceanographic conditions associated with the 1997-1998 El Niño and the 1999 La Niña events. Ocean circulation patterns in the California Current are largely poleward during El Niño events and equatorward during La Niña (e.g., 36,37,29) and is easily seen in Fig. 1 C and D. This representation illustrates the variability in larval dispersal due to interannual changes in ocean circulation and the inherent variability of eddy driven transport (e.g., 30,38).…”

Section: Application To the Southern California Bightmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…We generated output from this model for 7 years (1996-2002) so we used the dispersal kernel for each individual year and the average dispersal across all years as our eight alternatives. The 1-km SCB regional circulation model solutions well represent available oceanographic observations in the SCB (29). Ocean circulation model outputs are available for the period of 1996-2003, spanning the 1997-1998 El Niño and the 1999 La Niña events, providing larval dispersal estimates for seven spawning seasons and their arithmetic mean.…”

Section: Application To the Southern California Bightmentioning

confidence: 97%

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The value of spatial information in MPA network design

Costello¹,

Rassweiler

Siegel

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The science of spatial fisheries management, which combines ecology, oceanography, and economics, has matured significantly. As a result, there have been recent advances in exploiting spatially explicit data to develop spatially explicit management policies, such as networks of marine protected areas (MPAs). However, when data are sparse, spatially explicit policies become less viable, and we must instead rely on blunt policies such as total allowable catches or imprecisely configured networks of MPAs. Therefore, spatial information has the potential to change management approaches and thus has value. We develop a general framework within which to analyze the value of information for spatial fisheries management and apply that framework to several US Pacific coast fisheries. We find that improved spatial information can increase fishery value significantly (>10% in our simulations), and that it changes dramatically the efficient management approach-switching from diffuse effort everywhere to a strategy where fishing is spatially targeted, with some areas under intensive harvest and others closed to fishing. Using all available information, even when incomplete, is essential to management success and may as much as double fishery value relative to using (admittedly incorrect) assumptions commonly invoked.dispersal kernel | fisheries management | value of information S patially explicit policies are increasingly used for conservation and management of marine resources. Broad patterns of resource decline, increasing conflicts in coastal zones among competing users, and pressures from a complex set of human impacts are some of the reasons policy makers are turning to spatial management as an evolving paradigm for ocean policy (1, 2).A substantial body of literature indicates that spatial management can improve marine resource management. For example, siting a network of marine protected areas (MPAs) in strategic spatial locations can simultaneously enhance both the yields and profits of a fishery and improve ecosystem service provision (3-7). Other prominent examples include ocean zoning for various activities, ecosystem-based management, and the use of spatial concessions or territorial user rights in fisheries (TURFs) management. Several studies have documented the benefits arising from more explicit spatial management (2,(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)13), although concerns about whether spatial management approaches increase or maintain fisheries catches still remain (e.g., refs. 14 and 15).Achieving benefits from spatial management policies requires spatial information. For example, designing effective MPA networks requires spatial information on habitat, species distributions, larval, juvenile, and adult movements and source-sink dynamics of larval production and recruitment (7,(16)(17)(18). These data are often scarce and costly to obtain. The questions of which sources of uncertainty may be reduced cost effectively, and what management approaches are more robust to remaining uncertainties are fundamentally important in t...

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Section: Application To the Southern California Bightmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Application To the Southern California Bightmentioning

confidence: 97%

The value of spatial information in MPA network design

Costello¹,

Rassweiler

Siegel

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…First, Lagrangian probability density functions (PDFs), which summarize water parcel trajectories derived from high-resolution ocean circulation simulations (28), were used to quantify the probability of a larva, of a given species, traveling from one subpopulation to another. This quantity is termed "potential connectivity" (17,18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying critical regions in small-world marine metapopulations

Watson

Siegel

Kendall³

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

109

118

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The precarious state of many nearshore marine ecosystems has prompted the use of marine protected areas as a tool for management and conservation. However, there remains substantial debate over their design and, in particular, how to best account for the spatial dynamics of nearshore marine species. Many commercially important nearshore marine species are sedentary as adults, with limited home ranges. It is as larvae that they disperse greater distances, traveling with ocean currents sometimes hundreds of kilometers. As a result, these species exist in spatially complex systems of connected subpopulations. Here, we explicitly account for the mutual dependence of subpopulations and approach protected area design in terms of network robustness. Our goal is to characterize the topology of nearshore metapopulation networks and their response to perturbation, and to identify critical subpopulations whose protection would reduce the risk for stock collapse. We define metapopulation networks using realistic estimates of larval dispersal generated from ocean circulation simulations and spatially explicit metapopulation models, and we then explore their robustness using node-removal simulation experiments. Nearshore metapopulations show small-world network properties, and we identify a set of highly connected hub subpopulations whose removal maximally disrupts the metapopulation network. Protecting these subpopulations reduces the risk for systemic failure and stock collapse. Our focus on catastrophe avoidance provides a unique perspective for spatial marine planning and the design of marine protected areas.connectivity | larval dispersal | protected area design | network theory | Lagrangian simulations N earshore marine ecosystems are some of the most productive and diverse environments on earth, maintaining a wide variety of organisms and providing essential food and services to the global population. Unfortunately, they are also under increasing stress from perturbations, such as oil spills, climate change, and overfishing, and are at risk for losing their productive output (1, 2). Mitigating the impacts of these perturbations is difficult because most nearshore marine species exist in a spatially complex system of connected subpopulations; stress placed at one location may detrimentally reduce stock levels at many others (3, 4). Quantifying patterns of connectivity is crucial to our ability to manage these systems effectively. For example, marine protected areas (MPAs) have emerged as an important tool for conservation and fisheries managers tasked with maintaining nearshore systems and accounting for the mutual demographic dependence of populations (3-9). Current approaches to their design center on either protecting essential habitats (5, 6, 9) or maximizing economic goals (10, 11). We provide an alternative and consider the design of MPAs as a problem of metapopulation network robustness, here defined as the ability of a system to withstand perturbation (12). Our goal is to account for patterns of connectivity and...

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“…[6] Results from the Southern California Bight ROMS simulations (SCB-ROMS), described in detail by Dong and McWilliams [2007] and Dong et al [2009], are the basis for modeled trajectories. SCB-ROMS is a primitive equation hydrodynamic model with a free sea-surface, a horizontal curvilinear coordinate system, and a vertical sigma coordinate system [Shchepetkin and McWilliams, 2005].…”

Section: Roms Derived Trajectoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lagrangian assessment of simulated surface current dispersion in the coastal ocean

Ohlmann

Mitarai

2010

Geophysical Research Letters

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A purely Lagrangian assessment of dispersion from modeled surface current trajectories in the coastal ocean is presented. Modeled trajectories come from ROMS simulations for the Southern California Bight during the 1996 through 1999 period. Data are from surface current trajectories collected primarily in the Santa Barbara Channel with CODE style drifters. Distributions of particle positions from trajectories emanating from launch locations within 10 kilometers of the coast throughout the Santa Barbara Channel that advect for one through four days (Lagrangian PDFs) are evaluated descriptively and quantitatively. The two dimensional Kolmogorov‐Smirnov (K‐S) statistical test for comparing discrete sampled data with a known probability distribution is the quantitative basis. In general, dispersion distributions from observations are similar to Lagrangian PDFs computed from modeled trajectories and the K‐S statistic quantifies this accordingly. A few specific regions of poor model‐data agreement are indicated and discussed. The purely Lagrangian assessment, elucidates an improved understanding of model performance and ocean circulation beyond that offered in a Eulerian sense, and is necessary when modeled trajectories are utilized for applied oceanographic and marine ecology problems.

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Circulation and multiple-scale variability in the Southern California Bight

Cited by 112 publications

References 62 publications

The value of spatial information in MPA network design

The value of spatial information in MPA network design

Identifying critical regions in small-world marine metapopulations

Lagrangian assessment of simulated surface current dispersion in the coastal ocean

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