Circulating SIRT1 and Sclerostin Correlates with Bone Status in Young Women with Different Degrees of Adiposity

Abstract

Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) and sclerostin play important roles in adipose tissue and bone metabolism. We evaluated the circulating SIRT1 and sclerostin relationship with mass and quality of bone while considering the degree of adiposity. Sixty-six premenopausal women (16 underweight, 25 normal weight and 25 with obesity), aged <50 years, were enrolled. Plasma SIRT1, sclerostin and DXA body composition (total fat mass (FM), abdominal visceral adipose tissue, lean mass, trabecular bone score (TBS) and lumbar spine and femoral neck (FN) bone mineral density (BMD)) were assessed. The patients with obesity showed the lowest SIRT1 and TBS values and the highest sclerostin concentrations; BMD increased with FM and BMI and had an inverse association with SIRT1. Sclerostin was negatively correlated with SIRT1 (ρ = −0.37, p = 0.002). When spine BMD, FN BMD and TBS were standardized for BMI, a positive correlation with SIRT1 and a negative correlation with sclerostin were seen (p < 0.005). In the regression analysis, sclerostin was the best independent, negative predictor for BMD and TBS, while SIRT1 directly predicted TBS (p < 0.05). In conclusion, blood measurement of SIRT1 and sclerostin could represent a snapshot of the bone status that, taking into account the degree of adiposity, may reduce the interference of confounding factors in the interpretation of bone health parameters.

Urinary Calcium Is Associated with Serum Sclerostin among Stone Formers

“…Anthropometric parameters (weight and standing height) were used to calculate body mass index (BMI). To correct for the influence of the weight load on bone, the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total femur were also expressed as a ratio corrected for BMI (BMD/BMI) [19].…”

Ketone Bodies and SIRT1, Synergic Epigenetic Regulators for Metabolic Health: A Narrative Review

“…Accordingly, transgenic mice overexpressing SIRT1 are protected against various metabolic disorders, including glucose intolerance, high-fat diet (HFD)-induced fatty liver, type 2 diabetes [ 94 ], age-induced cancer, osteoporosis, and cardiac hypertrophy [ 11 ]. Regarding bone health, the inverse relationship between SIRT1 and the bone formation inhibitor sclerostin present in bone tissue [ 15 ] and plasma [ 95 ] suggests a significant role for SIRT in regulating bone turnover, indicating SIRT1 as a target for the treatment of osteoporosis. In the heart, beneficial effects of SIRT1 against oxidative stress and aging have been observed [ 96 ].…”

Ketogenic Diet Increases Serum and White Adipose Tissue SIRT1 Expression in Mice

“…It efficiently allows cellular adaptation to CR with consequent metabolic benefits [16,17] but its activity is impaired in the case of overnutrition or increased energy availability [18][19][20]. As for KBs, the role of SIRT1 in the regulation of metabolic homeostasis is carried out through the epigenetic control of food intake, the regulation of the glyco-lipidic profile, and the differentiation of adipocytes and the mobilization of fat, thus protecting against diseases such as atherosclerosis [21], hepatic steatosis [22,23], diabetes mellitus [24,25], and osteoporosis [26,27]. Accordingly, such diseases are developed in SIRT1-knock-out mice and antagonized in SIRT1-transgenic mice [28].…”