Circulating miRNA Profiles in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract

Significant dysregulation of seven candidate microRNAs has been found to be associated with risks involved in the manifestation of metabolic syndrome.

Circulating microRNAs and hypertension—from new insights into blood pressure regulation to biomarkers of cardiovascular risk

“…Table 1). [13] Whilst a cluster of three microRNAs (miR-92a, miR-130a and miR-195) were reported to be uniquely dysregulated in hypertension and metabolic syndrome but not type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or hypercholesterolaemia, the study highlights the significant interplay in the pathology of these conditions. Whilst this makes identifying microRNAs that are dysregulated specifically in hypertension challenging, it raises the potential for microRNA-based therapeutics to target multiple cardiovascular pathologies.…”

“…Whilst this makes identifying microRNAs that are dysregulated specifically in hypertension challenging, it raises the potential for microRNA-based therapeutics to target multiple cardiovascular pathologies. It is also noteworthy that miR-92a was found to be present (and differentially expressed) in exosomes (isolated from serum), [13] which have been postulated to play a key role in facilitating microRNA-mediated cell-to-cell communication. [14,15] Pertinently, miR-92a was predicted to target AGTR1, the gene encoding the angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1R) -a key component of the renin-angiotensin system.…”

Blood-Based Biomarkers for Metabolic Syndrome

“…For example, cholesterol is regulated at the cellular level by both classical transcription factors and also by miRNAs. With regard to their relevance as blood-based biomarkers for MetS, Karolina et al [21] investigated both total miRNAs isolated from whole blood and EV-contained miRNAs isolated from plasma of individuals with MetS, T2DM, hypercholesterolaemia (HCL), hypertension (HPT), and healthy controls (Table 3). Five miRNAs were identified as present in EVs from all groups.…”

Circulating microRNAs and diabetes: potential applications in medical practice

“…The observation of the deregulation of miRNA profiles in different biological fluids of diabetic patients compared with healthy controls was the first evidence supporting the idea that miRNAs could be biomarkers of the diabetic disease (Table 1). Indeed, a differential miRNA profile between type 2 diabetic patients and healthy controls was found in whole blood [20,21], serum [22][23][24][25][26], plasma [27][28][29][30][31][32][33] and plasma exosomes [34]. Studies revealed a different miRNA pattern in serum of type 1 diabetic patients compared with healthy individuals [35], as well as in plasma [36,37] and urine [36].…”

“…It is possible to extract all the miRNAs in the sample or to specifically extract miRNAs associated with particular vesicles or proteins. The large majority of the studies extract all the miRNAs, whereas some investigate only those associated with exosomes [20,34,65]. However, the profile of extracellular miRNAs associated with vesicles is different from that of vesicle-free miRNAs [13].…”