Circulating ghrelin level is increased in coeliac disease as in functional dyspepsia and reverts to normal during gluten‐free diet

Abstract

SUMMARY BackgroundIt is controversial whether serum ghrelin concentration is altered in coeliac disease and whether this alteration is related to nutritional impairment or to inflammatory changes of duodenal mucosa.

Ghrelin in gastrointestinal diseases and disorders: A possible role in the pathophysiology and clinical implications (Review)

“…Whereas Peracchi et al (27) reported that serum ghrelin levels correlated positively with intestinal mucosal lesion severity, Lanzini et al (28) could not confirm this observation. If the correlation between ghrelin levels and the severity of intestinal mucosal lesions in coeliac disease are proven true, that would be evidence of the involvement of ghrelin in the inflammatory process.…”

“…Serum ghrelin concentration has been reported to be significantly higher in dyspeptic patients than healthy controls (28,41). However, fasting desacyl and total ghrelin was found to be significantly lower in patients with functional dyspepsia of the dysmotility type than controls.…”

“…In adults with coeliac disease, ghrelin levels have been reported to be higher than control subjects and became normal, compared to controls after a gluten-free diet (27,28). It was reported, however, that circulating ghrelin levels were similar between 18 untreated adult women with coeliac disease and control subjects, but decreased after a gluten-free diet (29).…”

Ghrelin Gene Products in Acute and Chronic Inflammation

“…Higher total ghrelin circulating levels were recorded in children and adults with newly diagnosed celiac disease (Lanzini et al 2006;Peracchi et al 2003;Selimoglu et al 2006) with a direct correlation with the degree of severity of intestinal mucosal lesions (Peracchi et al 2003;Selimoglu et al 2006). Patients recovered normal ghrelin levels after two years of gluten-free diet (Capristo et al 2005;Lanzini et al 2006). Accordingly, the mean number of ghrelin-positive cells/field in gastric and distal duodenal mucosa specimens was higher in celiac patients than controls and normalized after the gluten-free diet (JarockaCyrta et al 2010;Rocco et al 2008).…”

“…It is characterized by malabsorption, weight loss, and increased energy expenditure. Higher total ghrelin circulating levels were recorded in children and adults with newly diagnosed celiac disease (Lanzini et al 2006;Peracchi et al 2003;Selimoglu et al 2006) with a direct correlation with the degree of severity of intestinal mucosal lesions (Peracchi et al 2003;Selimoglu et al 2006). Patients recovered normal ghrelin levels after two years of gluten-free diet (Capristo et al 2005;Lanzini et al 2006).…”