Circulating follicular helper T cells and subsets are associated with immune response to hepatitis B vaccination

Yin, Mingjuan; Xiong, Yuyan; Huang, Lingfeng; Liu, Gang; Yu, Zuwei; Zhao, Yi; Zhao, Jie; Zhang, Yan; Lian, Tingyu; Huang, Jingxiao; Liang, Dongmei; Zeng, Jinmei; Ni, Jiajia

doi:10.1080/21645515.2020.1775457

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“… 38 , 43 , 46 The appearance of this cT FH population is temporally linked to the emergence of ASCs and correlates with the magnitude and qualitative aspects of the serologic response. This phenomenon has been widely observed following vaccination of human subjects with the inactivated influenza vaccine, 38 , 43 , 44 , 47 Human Papillomavirus vaccine, 48 YF‐17D vaccine, 46 rVSV‐ZEBOV Ebola vaccine, 49 hepatitis B vaccine, 50 experimental malaria vaccination, 51 , 52 oral‐inactivated Escherichia coli vaccine, 53 as well as during acute infection with influenza virus, 45 human immunodeficiency virus, 39 , 54 hepatitis C virus, 55 Epstein–Barr virus, 56 and malaria. 57 , 58 It is clear that the analysis of cT FH cells in peripheral blood following vaccination or infection can provide important insights into humoral immunity.…”

Section: The Role Of T Fh Cells In Humoral Immunity To Sars‐cov‐2mentioning

confidence: 95%

T follicular helper cells in the humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination

Koutsakos

Lee

Wheatley

et al. 2021

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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Vaccination remains the most effective mechanism to reduce the impact of COVID‐19. Induction of neutralizing antibodies is a strong correlate of protection from infection and severe disease. An understanding of the cellular events that underpin the generation of effective neutralizing antibodies is therefore key to the development of efficacious vaccines that target emerging variants of concern. Analysis of the immune response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection and vaccination has identified circulating T follicular helper cells (cT FH ) as a robust correlate of the neutralizing antibody response. Here, we discuss the analysis of cT FH cells and their lymphoid counterparts in human humoral immune responses during COVID‐19, and in response to vaccination with SARS‐CoV‐2 spike. We discuss the phenotypic heterogeneity of cT FH cells and the utility of cT FH subsets as informative biomarkers for development of humoral immunity. We posit that the analysis of the most effective cT FH will be critical to inducing durable immunity to new variants of SARS‐CoV‐2.

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Section: The Role Of T Fh Cells In Humoral Immunity To Sars‐cov‐2mentioning

confidence: 95%

T follicular helper cells in the humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination

Koutsakos

Lee

Wheatley

et al. 2021

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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“…The immunostained tissue sections were reviewed and scored by two investigators independently for staining intensity and percentage of tumor cell staining using at least five × 200 magnification fields of each TMA core or animal tissue according to the Fromowitz standard, as described in a previous study [27,28]. The staining intensity was assessed as 0 (no staining), 1 (weak staining), 2 (moderate staining), and 3 (strong staining), while the percentage of positive tumor cells was divided into four levels, i.e., 1 (0-25% tumor cells stained), 2 (26-50%), 3 (51-75%), and 4 (76-100%).…”

Section: Tissue Microarray and Immunohistochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

PCSK9 promotes the progression and metastasis of colon cancer cells through regulation of EMT and PI3K/AKT signaling in tumor cells and phenotypic polarization of macrophages

Wang

Luo

et al. 2022

J Exp Clin Cancer Res

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Background Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is the ninth member of the proprotein convertase family that regulates lipoprotein homeostasis and altered PCSK9 expression was reportedly associated with tumor development and progression. This study assessed PCSK9 expression and functions in human colon cancer and then explored the underlying molecular events. Methods Colon cancer tissues were utilized for analysis of PCSK9 expression for association with clinicopathological factors from patients by immunohistochemistry assay. Manipulation of PCSK9 expression was assessed in vitro and in vivo for colon cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion using cell viability CCK-8, Transwell tumor cell migration and invasion, and wound-healing assays. Next, proteomic analysis, Western blot, qRT-PCR and Flow cytometry were conducted to assess downstream targets and tumor cell-derived PCSK9 action on macrophage polarization. Results PCSK9 expression was upregulated in colon cancer tissues versus the normal tissues, and associated with advanced tumor pathological grade. Knockdown of PCSK9 expression reduced colon cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and suppressed tumor metastasis in vivo. PCSK9 directly or indirectly upregulated Snail 1 and in turn to downregulate E-cadherin expression, but upregulate N-cadherin and MMP9 levels and thereafter, to induce colon cancer cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and activated PI3K/AKT signaling. However, PCSK9 overexpression showed the inverse effects on colon cancer cells. Knockdown of PCSK9 expression inhibited M2 macrophage polarization, but also promoted M1 macrophage polarization by reduction of lactate, protein lactylation and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) levels. Conclusion PCSK9 played an important role in the progression and metastasis of colon cancer by regulation of tumor cell EMT and PI3K/AKT signaling and in the phenotypic polarization of macrophages by mediating MIF and lactate levels. Targeting PCSK9 expression or activity could be used to effectively control colon cancer.

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“…In the series of immune response processes, CD4 + Th2 is required to assist in the normal activation of B cells, thus the B cells transform into plasma cells and production of antibody against HBV occurs. 23 Moreover, the T cell demonstrates a special binding of the hydrated antigen presented by APCs using CDR1~3 (CDR3 mainly), which results in T cell activation and converts to antigen-specific T cell clones embodied by CDR3 on the cell membrane. 24 , 25 Meanwhile, CD8 + T cells are also involved in the specific immune responses to the various antigens of HBV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HBV occurs. 23 Moreover, the T cell demonstrates a special binding of the hydrated antigen presented by APCs using CDR1~3 (CDR3 mainly), which results in T cell activation and converts to antigen-specific T cell clones embodied by CDR3 on the cell membrane. 24,25 Meanwhile, CD8 + T cells are also involved in the specific immune responses to the various antigens of HBV.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the TCR β Chain Repertoire in Peripheral Blood from Hepatitis B Vaccine Responders and Non-Responders

Yang¹,

Li²,

Ye³

et al. 2022

JIR

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Background: Hepatitis B (HepB) vaccination can effectively prevent the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, the incidence of vaccination failure is about 5~10% and the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. T cells have an essential role in the recipient's immune response to vaccine, which could be elucidated by high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and bioinformatics analysis. Methods: We conducted HTS of the T cell receptor β chain (TRB) complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) repertoires in eighteen positive responders (responders) and 10 negative responders (non-responders) who all had HepB vaccination, the repertoire features of BV, BJ and V-J genes and their diversity, respectively, were compared between the positive and negative responders using the Mann-Whitney test. Moreover, the relatively conserved motifs in CDR3 were revealed and compared to those in the other group's report. Results:The diversity of TRB CDR3 and the frequencies of BV27 and BV7-9 are significantly increased for HepB vaccine responders compared to those in non-responders. The motifs of CDR3s in BV27/J1-1, BV27/J2-5, and BV7-9/J2-5, respectively, were most expressed as "NTE", "QETQ", and "GG-Q (E)-ETQ". Moreover, the motif "KLNSPL" was determined in nearly 80% CDR3s in BV27/J1-6 from HepB vaccine responders for the first time. Conclusion: Our results present the comprehensive profiles of TRB CDR3 in the HepB vaccine responders and non-responders after standard vaccination protocol and determine the relatively conservative motifs of CDR3s that may respond to the HepB vaccine. Further results suggest that the profile of TRB repertoire could distinguish the HepB vaccine responders from non-responders and provide a new target for optimizing and improving the efficiency of the HepB vaccine.

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Circulating follicular helper T cells and subsets are associated with immune response to hepatitis B vaccination

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

T follicular helper cells in the humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination

T follicular helper cells in the humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination

PCSK9 promotes the progression and metastasis of colon cancer cells through regulation of EMT and PI3K/AKT signaling in tumor cells and phenotypic polarization of macrophages

Characterization of the TCR β Chain Repertoire in Peripheral Blood from Hepatitis B Vaccine Responders and Non-Responders

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