Circulating biomarkers in acute myofascial pain

Abstract

The aims of the present study were to compare levels of circulating inflammatory biomarkers and growth factors between patients with myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) and healthy control participants, and to assess the relationship among inflammatory markers and growth factors in the two groups.Biomarkers levels were assessed in patients (n = 37) with myofascial pain complaints recruited from the hospital emergency department and non-MPS controls (n = 21), recruited via advertisements in the hospital and community.Blood levels of the cytokines, namely, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interleukin-12 (IL-12), and the chemokine, namely, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), eotaxin, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and macrophage inflammatory proteins-1β (MIP-1β) were significantly higher in patients with MPS than controls. The results of the growth factor analyses revealed significantly higher levels of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in MPS patients versus controls. The pattern of correlation coefficients between cytokines and growth factors differed considerably for MPS patients and controls with far fewer significant positive coefficients observed in the controls. Serum inflammatory and growth factor biomarkers were elevated in MPS patients.Inflammatory biomarkers and growth factor levels may play an important role in the onset and maintenance of MPS and therefore may be useful in the diagnosis and treatment of MPS. Understanding the mechanisms of inflammation in MPS necessitates future research.

Interleukin-8 and Matrix Metalloprotease 9 as Salivary Biomarkers of Pain in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorder Myalgia: A Pilot Study

“…There have been many reports that IL-8 and MMP-9 levels are high in patients with acute pain. The serum levels of IL-8 were significantly higher in patients with acute myofascial pain than in controls [40,41]. Compared to heathy individuals, the blood levels of IL-8 were markedly higher in patients with post-herpetic neuralgia [42].…”

Szérumbiomarkerek akut lumbalis-lumbosacralis fájdalomban

“…Az IL6, TNFα, IL12, MCP1, IL8 citokineken és kemokinen kívül a GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) és a MIP1β (macrophage inflammatory protein 1β) szérumban mérhető szintje is jelentősen emelkedett volt a kontrollcsoporthoz képest. A növekedési faktorok vizsgálatát követően az FGF2 (fibroblast growth factor 2), a PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor) és a VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) szignifikánsan ma-ÖSSZEFOGLALÓ KÖZLEMÉNY gasabb szintje is igazolódott a myofascialis fájdalom szindrómában szenvedők vizsgált csoportjában [39].…”

Serum inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers levels are associated with pain intensity, pressure pain threshold and quality of life in myofascial pain syndrome

“…Biochemical changes have been studied to some extent in MPS. However, more in-depth studies, especially on sub-acute inflammation and oxidative stress in relation with clinical presentation, are required to establish their potential role in the diagnosis and treatment of disease [ 5 – 7 ]. Additionally, pain is frequently accompanying with other complaints such as depression, mental stress, anxiety, and, subsequently decreased quality of life [ 8 ] and there is very limited evidence regarding the association between inflammatory and oxidative stress indices and quality of life in the scientific literature especially in MPS patients.…”