Circuit/Electromagnetic hybrid simulation of electrostatic discharge in contact discharge mode

Abstract

In this paper, we describe a hybrid simulation technique for electrostatic discharge (ESD) events in contact discharge mode. The proposed technique is based on circuit, electrostatic field, and full-wave simulations. The circuit simulation is performed to obtain the currents which is used as the input excitation in the subsequent full-wave simulation. A circuit to be analyzed is the equivalent circuit model of an ESD generator attached with a ground strap and a target object. Meanwhile, we perform the electrostatic field simulation in order to calculate electric field distribution around the generator charged before the discharging phase. Finally, a computational domain excluding the ESD generator and the ground strap is analyzed by means of the full-wave simulation based on the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. In other words, we do the full-wave simulation for only a part of the whole computational domain by using the input currents as external effects to the target object. Because the hybrid simulation can take a low computational cost relative to existing full-wave techniques, it can reduce the total CPU time and the amount of memory consumption. We compare the accuracy and the CPU time of our approach with those of the conventional FDTD solver to show the adequacy of the hybrid simulation method.

A framework for the simulation of electrostatic discharge immunity using the unified circuit modeling technique

“…Although the proposed technique is useful for targets with 2.5-D structures, such as the PCB, it may not be adequate for targets with more complicated geometry and structure. In this situation, we partly may have to combine the circuit approach with the full-wave simulation to achieve the benefit of the hybrid circuit/electromagnetic simulation [13]. • The more the target and environment are complicated, the more the equivalent will become a large-scale network, which can not be simulated by the conventional SPICElike simulators within a practical time.…”

Efficient Calculation of Inductive and Capacitive Coupling Due to Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Using PEEC Method

“…The transfer impedances of capacitive couplings for each position from the calculation using (6) and an FEM solver are also compared, as shown in Fig. 8(a) and (b).…”

“…Several EM numerical methods, such as the finite-difference time domain (FDTD) and finite integration technique, have been utilized to calculate the coupled voltage on the victim caused by the high-frequency noise of ESD events. The ESD generator part is usually represented in a circuit model and combined with the ESD structure model [4]- [6]. In the system-level ESD simulation, the coupling on the victim structures at various positions should be often simulated to find out the critical victim position.…”

Hybrid simulation of ESD events by SPICE-like and finite-difference time-domain methods

“…On the other hand, hybrid circuit and electromagnetic simulation methods for the ESD injected in a contact mode have been discussed in [10], [11]. In these methods, the fullwave simulation of the whole system is avoided by replacing the most part of the computational domain with an equivalent circuit to reduce the computational cost of the simulation.…”