Circadian Rhythms: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications

Lévi, Françis; Schibler, Ueli

doi:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.47.120505.105208

Cited by 566 publications

(531 citation statements)

References 155 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

494

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Likewise, resetting clock phase or strengthening internal synchronization, e.g. by timed light exposure or scheduled sleep/ wake times, might affect metabolic pathologies such as obesity, diabetes and night eating syndrome (Levi and Schibler, 2007). Given the increasing prevalence and fatality rates of obesityassociated disorders, tackling the circadian clock has the potential to become an important instrument in fighting obesity as a major plague of the industrialised world.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Time to Fast, a Time to Feast: The Crosstalk between Metabolism and the Circadian Clock

Kovac

Husse

Oster

2009

Molecules and Cells

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The cyclic environmental conditions brought about by the 24 h rotation of the earth have allowed the evolution of endogenous circadian clocks that control the temporal alignment of behaviour and physiology, including the uptake and processing of nutrients. Both metabolic and circadian regulatory systems are built upon a complex feedback network connecting centres of the central nervous system and different peripheral tissues. Emerging evidence suggests that circadian clock function is closely linked to metabolic homeostasis and that rhythm disruption can contribute to the development of metabolic disease. At the same time, metabolic processes feed back into the circadian clock, affecting clock gene expression and timing of behaviour. In this review, we summarize the experimental evidence for this bimodal interaction, with a focus on the molecular mechanisms mediating this exchange, and outline the implications for clock-based and metabolic diseases.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Time to Fast, a Time to Feast: The Crosstalk between Metabolism and the Circadian Clock

Kovac

Husse

Oster

2009

Molecules and Cells

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In mammals, including humans, the circadian system is organized into a hierarchical manner with a central pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain's hypothalamus (Levi and Schibler, 2007). The SCN synchronizes the circadian physiological and behavioural rhythms, including sleep and wakefulness, temperature, feeding, neuroendocrine and autonomic effects, with the 24 h periodicity to match the environmental light–dark cycle, thereby orchestrating an optimized internal temporal order.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New perspectives on the role of melatonin in human sleep, circadian rhythms and their regulation

Zisapel

2018

British J Pharmacology

550

350

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In mammals, a central circadian clock, located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus, tunes the innate circadian physiological rhythms to the ambient 24 h light–dark cycle to invigorate and optimize the internal temporal order. The SCN‐activated, light‐inhibited production of melatonin conveys the message of darkness to the clock and induces night‐state physiological functions, for example, sleep/wake blood pressure and metabolism. Clinically meaningful effects of melatonin treatment have been demonstrated in placebo‐controlled trials in humans, particularly in disorders associated with diminished or misaligned melatonin rhythms, for example, circadian rhythm‐related sleep disorders, jet lag and shift work, insomnia in children with neurodevelopmental disorders, poor (non‐restorative) sleep quality, non‐dipping nocturnal blood pressure (nocturnal hypertension) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The diminished production of melatonin at the very early stages of AD, the role of melatonin in the restorative value of sleep (perceived sleep quality) and its sleep‐anticipating effects resulting in attenuated activation of certain brain networks are gaining a new perspective as the role of poor sleep quality in the build‐up of β amyloid, particularly in the precuneus, is unravelled. As a result of the recently discovered relationship between circadian clock, sleep and neurodegeneration, new prospects of using melatonin for early intervention, to promote healthy physical and mental ageing, are of prime interest in view of the emerging link to the aetiology of Alzheimer's disease.Linked ArticlesThis article is part of a themed section on Recent Developments in Research of Melatonin and its Potential Therapeutic Applications. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.16/issuetoc

show abstract

“…Another rationale for chronotherapy is linked to the metabolism of xenobiotics (such as cancer drugs): Degradation and modification of these substances is subject to circadian control. Thus, giving a drug at the trough point of degradation activity will allow the A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t use of overall lower doses, thereby reducing the potential side effects [72][73][74]. The beneficial effects of chronotherapeutics have now been demonstrated in various clinical trials (reviewed in [72]).…”

Section: Treating In Time: Chronotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucocorticoids and circadian clock control of cell proliferation: At the interface between three dynamic systems

Dickmeis

Foulkes

2011

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The circadian clock, an endogenous timekeeper that regulates daily rhythms of physiology, also influences the dynamic release of glucocorticoids. The release of glucocorticoids is characteristically pulsatile and is further modulated in a circadian fashion. A circadian pacemaker in the brain regulates daily rhythms of hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal axis and autonomic nervous system activity that both influence glucocorticoid release from the adrenal gland. This systemic regulation interacts with rhythms in the adrenal gland itself that are driven by its own circadian clock. One function of glucocorticoids is the regulation of cell proliferation. Depending on the tissue, this can involve both negative and positive regulation of a variety of processes, including cell differentiation and cell death. Cell proliferation is also under circadian control, and recent evidence suggests that this regulation may involve glucocorticoid signalling. Here, we review the dynamic processes participating in the interplay between the circadian clock, glucocorticoids and cell proliferation, and we discuss the potential implications for therapy.

show abstract

Circadian Rhythms: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications

Cited by 566 publications

References 155 publications

A Time to Fast, a Time to Feast: The Crosstalk between Metabolism and the Circadian Clock

A Time to Fast, a Time to Feast: The Crosstalk between Metabolism and the Circadian Clock

New perspectives on the role of melatonin in human sleep, circadian rhythms and their regulation

Glucocorticoids and circadian clock control of cell proliferation: At the interface between three dynamic systems

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About