Circadian rhythms and renal pathophysiology

Abstract

The reality of life in modern times is that our internal circadian rhythms are often out of alignment with the light/dark cycle of the external environment. This is known as circadian disruption, and a wealth of epidemiological evidence shows that it is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disease remains the top cause of death in the United States, and kidney disease in particular is a tremendous public health burden that contributes to cardiovascular deaths. There is an urgent need for new treatments for kidney disease; circadian rhythm–based therapies may be of potential benefit. The goal of this Review is to summarize the existing data that demonstrate a connection between circadian rhythm disruption and renal impairment in humans. Specifically, we will focus on chronic kidney disease, lupus nephritis, hypertension, and aging. Importantly, the relationship between circadian dysfunction and pathophysiology is thought to be bidirectional. Here we discuss the gaps in our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying circadian dysfunction in diseases of the kidney. Finally, we provide a brief overview of potential circadian rhythm–based interventions that could provide benefit in renal disease.

Denervation Aggravates Renal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury via BMAL1-mediated Nrf2/ARE pathway

“…And numerous studies have shown that RDN mediated circadian blood pressure control in resistant hypertensive patients that might contribute to a signi cant improvement in dipping pattern and nocturnal systolic blood pressure (Becker, et al, 2019) (Osborn, et al, 2021). It's likely that the peripheral nerves of kidneys play an important role in circadian variability of renal function, which is synchronously regulated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of hypothalamus that is the control center of circadian clock (Gumz, 2016) (Mohandas, et al, 2022). Similarly, our results indicated that RDN disordered circadian rhythm of core clock genes and Nrf2 in the kidney, which couldn't induce any histological and functional injury in the kidney.…”

Cross regulation between the molecular clock and kidney inflammatory, metabolic and fibrotic responses

“…The progression of CKD is associated with sleep disturbances and an irregular circadian pattern of hormone secretion and blood pressure oscillation 12,[24][25][26][27] .…”

“…The progression of CKD is associated with sleep disturbances and an irregular circadian pattern of hormone secretion and blood pressure oscillation 12,24–27 . However, the mechanisms underlying these alterations remain obscure and plausibly, an altered biunivocal relationship between kidney function and circadian rhythm lies at the core of this dysfunction.…”

“…At the molecular level, the peripheral clocks are regulated by a transcriptional feedback loop in which clock components such as Arntl1 (Bmal1) and Clock activate the transcription of their own repressors including Per and Cry 9 . Perturbations in the CR, including the molecular clock, have been associated with many pathologies including renal disease [10][11][12] . Additionally, there is an important crosstalk between the circadian clock and metabolism 13 .…”

Вплив Зміни Режиму Освітлення На Морфофункціональну Активність Епіфізу Та Функціональний Стан Організму

“…Серед пінеалоцитів, відповідно до Міжна-родної гістологічної номенклатури (ІNH), виділяють блискучі (pinealocytuslucidus) та щільні (pinealocytusdensus) [10]. Перші -світліші, є головними або пінеалоцитами I-го типу; темні (гліальні) -пінеалоцитами ІІ-го типу [44]. Світлі пінеалоцити мають добре виражене ядро з невеликою кількістю хроматину та ядерце.…”