Circadian regulation of response to oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster

Abstract

Circadian rhythms are fundamental biological phenomena generated by molecular genetic mechanisms known as circadian clocks. There is increasing evidence that circadian synchronization of physiological and cellular processes contribute to the wellness of organisms, curbing pathologies such as cancer and premature aging. Therefore, there is a need to understand how circadian clocks orchestrate interactions between the organism's internal processes and the environment. Here, we explore the nexus between the clock and oxidative stress susceptibility in Drosophila melanogaster. We exposed flies to acute oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and determined that mortality rates were dependent on time at which exposure occurred during the day /night cycle. The daily susceptibility rhythm was abolished in flies with a null mutation in the core clock gene period (per) abrogating clock function. Furthermore, lack of per increased susceptibility to H2O2 compared to wild-type flies, coinciding with enhanced generation of mitochondrial H2O2 and decreased catalase activity due to oxidative damage. Taken together, our data suggest that the circadian clock gene period is essential for maintaining a robust anti-oxidative defense.

Correlated changes in life history traits in response to selection for faster pre-adult development in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster

“…Circadian clocks in Drosophila have also been implicated in the regulation of the response to exogenous stressors (Gorbacheva et al, 2005;Gachon et al, 2006;Lee and Edery, 2008;Krishnan et al, 2008). Resistance to starvation and desiccation is often used as a measure to assess fitness in Drosophila (Service et al, 1985;Service et al, 1988;Zwaan et al, 1991;Chippindale et al, 1996), and has led to the widespread acceptance of the stress theory of ageing, which posits that pre-adult and adult fitness traits are correlated with the extent of stress resistance (Parsons, 2003).…”

Fluorimetric determination of hydrogen peroxide production by the haemocytes of the wax moth Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

“…Fluorescence (FL) determination of H2O2 production by human leucocytes using different diluents (Hank's balanced salt solution -HBSS, physiological solution -PS, insect saline -IS) and activators: opsonised zymosan particles (OZP), phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), N-formyl-methionylleucyl-phenylalanin (fMLP) or calcium ionophore (Ca-I). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM, n = 4, significance level when compared with spontaneous FL (SP) ** p = 0.01. gent Amplex red was selected since it is a commonly used reagent for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production in mammalian cells, but there is only one report of it having been used for insects (Krishnan et al, 2008). Isolated haemocytes and human leucocytes showed a detectable fluorescence signal.…”

“…-(superoxide) (Glupov et al, 2001) and its dismutation product, H2O2, are present in plasmatocytes of Drosophila melanogaster larvae (Nappi & Vass, 1998) and G. mellonella (Slepneva et al, 1999;Krishnan et al, 2008). The similarities between the oxidative burst pathways of insect haemocytes and mammalian neutrophils raise the possibility that the complexes that generate ROS might also contain homologous components.…”

Update On the Frequency of Ile1016 Mutation In Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Gene of Aedes aegypti In Mexico

“…aegypti populations in Mexico due to enzymatic mechanisms and knockdownresistant (kdr) mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel para gene have been reported (Flores et al 2005(Flores et al , 2006(Flores et al , 2013Saavedra-Rodríguez et al 2007;Ponce et al 2009;Siller et al 2011;Aponte et al 2013). Considering that this insecticide can induce oxidative stress (Vontas et al 2001) and may be subject to circadian regulation (Krishnan et al 2008), the objective of this study was to determine the effect of photoperiod on permethrin resistance and the mechanisms involved in Ae. aegypti.…”