Circadian misalignment induces fatty acid metabolism gene profiles and compromises insulin sensitivity in human skeletal muscle

Wefers, Jakob; Moorsel, Dirk van; Hansen, Janne Hedegaard; Connell, Niels J.; Havekes, Bas; Hoeks, Joris; Lichtenbelt, Wouter D. van Marken; Duez, Hélène; Phielix, Esther; Kalsbeek, Andries; Boekschoten, Mark V.; Hooiveld, Guido; Hesselink, Matthijs K. C.; Kersten, Sander; Staels, Bart; Scheer, Frank A.J.L.; Schrauwen, Patrick

doi:10.1073/pnas.1722295115

Cited by 151 publications

(156 citation statements)

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“…The level of insulin is controlled by the circadian clock (35). Studies of animal mutants with circadian clock gene mutations and studies of shift workers have demonstrated that circadian misalignment leads to elevation of the insulin level (36,37). Consistently, 10-h light/dark schedule resulted in increased insulin levels and insulin:glucose ratios in mice (38).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sleep deprivation and a non–24‐h working schedule lead to extensive alterations in physiology and behavior

Liang

et al. 2019

FASEB j.

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Most organisms on Earth possess circadian rhythms in their physiology and behaviors that allow them to resonate with the cycling environment over a 24‐h period. However, in human society, a substantial quantity of jobs requires non–24‐h working and rest or shift schedules, which causes more or less misalignment in circadian rhythms and disorders as a consequence. In this work, we conducted a sleep deprivation (SD) and non–24‐h working and rest schedule (8 h on and 4 h off) experiment over 10 d in total and measured the changes in a series of physiologic and cognitive parameters. The results show that although the subjects could sleep during the schedule, their sleepiness increased significantly. Actigraphy data suggest that a 12‐h schedule might result in chronic SD. Along with the increased sleepiness revealed by the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale questionnaire, the neurobehavioral psychomotor vigilance test data reveal that, compared with the control period, the reaction time of the subjects was significantly delayed. The saliva insulin levels were significantly changed in the morning in SD and non–24‐h cycles. Salivary biochemical parameters were also altered, including aspartate aminotransferase and K+. 16S rRNA‐based analysis of the salivary microbiota showed differentially changed patterns in bacteria composition and concentration. Together, these data demonstrate that an abnormal working and rest schedule might produce comprehensive interference with circadian rhythms, metabolism, and cognition.—Ma, H., Li, Y., Liang, H., Chen, S., Pan, S., Chang, L., Li, S., Zhang, Y., Liu, X., Xu, Y., Shao, Y., Yang, Y., Guo, J. Sleep deprivation and a non–24‐h working schedule lead to extensive alterations in physiology and behavior. FASEB J. 33, 6969–6979 (2019). http://www.fasebj.org

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sleep deprivation and a non–24‐h working schedule lead to extensive alterations in physiology and behavior

Liang

et al. 2019

FASEB j.

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“…Our interpretation of these data is based on the circadian clock orchestrating a switch between primarily carbohydrate oxidation to primarily lipid oxidation between the last meal of the day and the onset of circadian-timed sleep [1,3,6,7]. Instead of fasting between dinnertime and breakfast, if a person eats during the late evening, carbohydrates will be preferentially metabolized as sleep initiates, delaying the timing of the switch to primarily lipid oxidation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These daily oscillations are controlled by the circadian clock, which is composed of an autoregulatory biochemical mechanism that is expressed in tissues throughout the body and is coordinated by a master pacemaker located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the brain (aka the SCN [1,4]). The circadian system globally controls gene expression patterns so that metabolic pathways are differentially regulated over the day, including switching between carbohydrate and lipid catabolism [1,3,[5][6][7][8][9]. Therefore, ingestion of the same food at different times of day could lead to differential metabolic outcomes, e.g., lipid oxidation vs. accumulation; however, whether this is true or not is unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Non-optimal phasing of the endogenous circadian system with the environmental day/night cycle has adverse health consequences. Shiftworkers are a particularly cogent example, for their work schedule disrupts the optimal relationship between the internal biological clock and the environmental daily cycle, and this disruption leads to well-documented health decrements [6,[9][10][11][12][13]. A contributing culprit that is often implicated in shiftwork's temporal disruption is the disturbance of eating patterns and preferences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eating breakfast and avoiding the evening snack sustains lipid oxidation

Kelly

McGuinness

Buchowski

et al. 2020

Preprint

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ManuscriptClick here to access/download;Manuscript;Kelly et al.total.pdf SUMMARY Circadian (daily) regulation of metabolic pathways implies that food may be metabolized differentially over the daily cycle. To test that hypothesis, we monitored the metabolism of older subjects in a whole-room respiratory chamber over two separate 56-h sessions in a random crossover design. In one session, one of the three daily meals was presented as breakfast whereas in the other session, a nutritionally equivalent meal was presented as a late-evening snack. The duration of the overnight fast was the same for both sessions. Whereas the two sessions did not differ in overall energy expenditure, the respiratory exchange ratio (RER) was different during sleep between the two sessions. Unexpectedly, this difference in RER due to daily meal timing was not due to daily differences in physical activity, sleep disruption, or core body temperature. Rather, we found that the daily timing of nutrient availability coupled with daily/circadian control of metabolism drives a switch in substrate preference such that the lateevening snack session resulted in significantly lower lipid oxidation compared to the breakfast session. Therefore, the timing of meals during the day/night cycle affects how ingested food is oxidized or stored in humans with important implications for optimal eating habits. Keywords:circadian meal timing metabolism respiratory quotient (RQ) = CO 2 eliminated / O 2 consumed respiratory exchange ratio (RER) = ratio between the amount of CO 2 produced in metabolism and O 2 consumed. Equivalent to RQ. lipid oxidation metabolic chamber indirect calorimetry Mason, and Dr. Heidi Silver for their help with nutrition information and meal development. We thank Dr. Heidi Chen for her statistical advice. We also thank the subject-participants in this study.

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“…48,57,145 On the other hand, organ-specific glucose uptake is rhythmic. 59,78,146 Indeed, under physiological conditions, glucose tolerance is higher in the morning than during the night hours, reflecting anticipation of the activity phase and food intake.…”

Section: Goes Wrong: Circadian Misalignments In Human Pathologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of being rhythmic: Living in harmony with your body clocks

Dibner

2019

Acta Physiologica

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OSCILLATORSThe time-keeping system, dubbed "circadian" from Latin circa diem (about a day), allows light-sensitive beings, including humans, to coordinate their physiology and behaviour to the daily changes in geophysical time (Figure 1). The mammalian network of body clocks is organized in a strictly hierarchical manner. A master oscillator, residing in the paired suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus ( Figure 1A), synchronizes a myriad of peripheral oscillators situated in each organ ( Figure 1B) on a daily basis. In turn, rhythmicity in the SCN is entrained by external timecues or Zeitgebers (German term for time givers). Daily changes in light intensity, detected by classical photoreceptors and intrinsically light-sensitive retinal ganglion cells expressing AbstractCircadian rhythms have developed in all light-sensitive organisms, including humans, as a fundamental anticipatory mechanism that enables proactive adaptation to environmental changes. The circadian system is organized in a highly hierarchical manner, with clocks operative in most cells of the body ensuring the temporal coordination of physiological processes. Circadian misalignment, stemming from modern life style, draws increasing attention due to its tight association with the development of metabolic, cardiovascular, inflammatory and mental diseases as well as cancer.This review highlights recent findings emphasizing the role of the circadian system in the temporal orchestration of physiology, with a particular focus on implications of circadian misalignment in human pathologies. K E Y W O R D Scircadian clock, circadian misalignment, continuous recording of circadian bioluminescence, human physiology How to cite this article: Dibner C. The importance of being rhythmic: Living in harmony with your body clocks. Acta Physiol. 2020;228:e13281. https ://doi.

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Circadian misalignment induces fatty acid metabolism gene profiles and compromises insulin sensitivity in human skeletal muscle

Cited by 151 publications

References 31 publications

Sleep deprivation and a non–24‐h working schedule lead to extensive alterations in physiology and behavior

Sleep deprivation and a non–24‐h working schedule lead to extensive alterations in physiology and behavior

Eating breakfast and avoiding the evening snack sustains lipid oxidation

The importance of being rhythmic: Living in harmony with your body clocks

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