Ciprofloxacin enhances T cell function by modulating interleukin activities

Abstract

SUMMARYCiprofloxacin (ClP)isa quinolonccarboxylicacid derivative with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. CIP (01-30 /jg/ml) enhanced DNA synthesis of mouse spleen eells and human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) that had been activated with T eell mitogens or with alloaiitigens. In addition, CIP increased thc amount of IL-2 found in thc supernatants of phylohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated human PBL, The presence of CIP in the medium ({)-3-IO /(g/ml) increased the levels of IL-1 found in Ihe eulture supernatants of adherence-enriched mouse macrophages. human monocyte/maerophages and a human monocytie cell line stimulated with lipopolysaecharide. In contrast there was no effeet of CIP on Ihe release of IL-I by freshly isolated human monocytes or by cells ofthe keratinocyte line, A431. CIP alone had no influence on the basal release of 1 L-2 by NOB-I cells, a Teell line that responds to IL-1 with an increase in lL-2 synthesis, but. in combination with recombinant IL-I, CIP significantly enhanced the release of IL-2 by these cells. The results ofthis study suggest that CIP modulates the immune response at two levels -the production of IL-2 by activated Tcells and the production of IL-1 by aeliva ted monocyte/maerophages. However, CIP did not affect the primary antibody response in vitro or in vivo against sheep erythroeytes and ovalbumin respectively. Thus the enhancing action of ciprofloxacin on the immune system appears to be restricted to T cell funciion and macrophagc/T cell interactions.

Quinolone-Induced Upregulation of Osteopontin Gene Promoter Activity in Human Lung Epithelial Cell Line A549

“…In contrast, there was no effect on IL-1 release in the same experimental setting (33). Because the effect of quinolones on cytokine synthesis is not consistent and differs by the cell type and the cytokine examined (13), it is tempting to speculate that the cytokine response to drug treatment is cell type specific and influenced by the microenvironment under which cells exist.…”

Effect of therapeutic doses of enrofloxacin on circulating lymphocyte subpopulations in pigs

“…An in vitro study performed on phagocytes obtained from pigs showed that enrofloxacin may accumulate in phagocytes, and this way it may lead to an increase in their bactericidal properties (18). Khalifeh et al (7) reported that enrofloxacin targeted the humoral immune response in chickens, and resulted in a decrease in antibody production after vaccination during antibiotic therapy.…”

Limited effects of temafloxacin compared with ciprofloxacin on T-lymphocyte function

“…At concentrations of 1.6 to 50 ,ug/ml, fluoroquinolones cause a significant increase in the uptake of [3H]thymidine into the DNA of mitogen-stimulated human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) (3,(6)(7)(8)29). The mechanism responsible for the increased thymidine incorporation by fluoroquinolone-treated PBLs is unknown.…”

“…The mechanism responsible for the increased thymidine incorporation by fluoroquinolone-treated PBLs is unknown. Moreover, we and others have recently reported interleukin-2 (IL-2) production to be markedly increased in phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated PBLs incubated in the presence of fluoroquinolones (21,23,29,32), the increase being due to enhanced IL-2 transcription and the resulting higher levels of IL-2 mRNA (22,25). Parallel to that of IL-2, increased gamma interferon (IFN-y) production has been detected in PBL cultures incubated with ciprofloxacin or ofloxacin (11,24,32).…”