Cinnamic acid is beneficial to diabetic cardiomyopathy via its cardioprotective, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐dyslipidemia, and antidiabetic properties

Abstract

Diabetes-related health issues are increasing day by day in public, and diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one serious issue among them. There is a lack of proper strategy to control and manage DCM. Here we are attempting a nutraceutical-based approach to protect the heart from DCM. The beneficial effect of cinnamic acid (CiA), was evaluated in an experimental model of diabetes. For this, diabetic model was created by feeding male Wistar rats with a high fat, high fructose diet for 6 months and a single dose of streptozotocin (25 mg/kg bwt). Metformin was used as the positive control. The diabetic rats showed insulin resistance, myocardial injury, and a significant increase of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL. Development of DCM was evident from the increased cardiac mass index, LDH, CKMB, ANP, and CRP levels in the diabetic group. There was a significant increase in the levels of cardiac hypertrophy markers like TGF-β and β-MHC in the hearts of diabetic rats revealing DCM. Pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) and lipid peroxides were significantly elevated in the serum of diabetic rats. Histopathology revealed inflammation and necrosis in the heart of diabetic rats confirming DCM. Oral administration of CiA (5 and 10 mg/kg bwt) prevented the development of DCM via its cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-dyslipidemia potential, and antidiabetic properties. Similarly, metformin (50 mg/kg bwt) has also shown protection against DCM. We conclude from this study that CiA is found to be beneficial against DCM and recommend more detailed preclinical and clinical studies to develop CiA-based nutraceutical against DCM.

Cinnamic acid derivatives as potential matrix metalloproteinase-9 inhibitors: molecular docking and dynamics simulations

“…Fruits, entire grains, vegetables, honey, and plants like Cinnamomum cassia (Chinese cinnamon) and Panax ginseng all contain the essential component of cinnamic acid, a naturally occurring aromatic carboxylic acid [ 21 ]. According to research, cinnamic acids are said to possess anti-inflammatory [ 22 ], anticancer [ 23 ], antibacterial [ 24 ], neuroprotective [ 25 ], and antioxidant [ 26 ] effects. By providing electrons that combine with radicals to produce stable compounds, cinnamic acid breaks down chain reactions involving radicals.…”

Influence of Cold Plasma Processing on the Stability of Phenolic Compounds of Araça-Boi (Eugenia stipitata) Juice

“…Cinnamic acid and its derivates are highly abundant in fruits and vegetables, as observed in araça-boi. Numerous investigations have presented findings supporting the positive health outcomes associated with the daily intake of cinnamic acid and its derivatives across global populations [25]. Thus, the increase observed in the contents of cinnamic acid in araça-boi juice can be considered a positive effect of cold plasma processing.…”

Antiplatelet and Anticoagulant Effects of Two New Phenylpropanoid Sucrose Esters and Other Secondary Metabolites from the Aerial Part of Canna edulis

“…Among the previously reported compounds, 3 , 4 , 6–9 , 13 have been documented for their antiplatelet aggregation and anticoagulant activities [24–28] . Cinnamic acid ( 9 ) and its derivative, 2‐hydroxycinnamaldehyde ( 8 ), also had anticancer, [29,30] and anti‐inflammatory properties [31–33] . Additionally, 8 was found to contribute to the restoration of liver function in cases of acetaminophen‐induced acute liver injury [34] .…”

“…[24][25][26][27][28] Cinnamic acid (9) and its derivative, 2-hydroxycinnamaldehyde (8), also had anticancer, [29,30] and anti-inflammatory properties. [31][32][33] Additionally, 8 was found to contribute to the restoration of liver function in cases of acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury. [34] 13 has been documented for its antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and cardioprotective effects.…”