Cigarette Smoking and Treatment Outcomes in Graves Ophthalmopathy

Bartalena, Luigi; Marcocci, Claudio; Tanda, Maria Laura; Manetti, Luca; Dell'Unto, Enrica; Bartolomei, Mp; Nardi, Marco; Martino, Enio; Pinchera, Aldo

doi:10.7326/0003-4819-129-8-199810150-00010

Cited by 265 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…By standardizing our steroid administration protocol, we were able to definitively demonstrate that the association of TRAb with GO course severity is independent of steroid use. Although it is well documented that smoking adversely affects the course of GO, [25][26][27] our results did not elucidate this relationship. This might be because there were only 27 smokers and only 39 patients with severe GO in our study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

“…Importantly, patients with higher initial levels of TRAb had a significantly higher risk of severe outcomes upon multiple logistic regression analysis. As GO pathogenesis remains incompletely understood and because there are few clues that are currently available to assist clinicians in estimating the course of GO, [23][24][25][26][27] identifying novel, objectively measurable risk factors that could predict severe GO outcomes are of important scientific and clinical benefit. In patients with high levels of TRAb, it would be reasonable to follow up with these patients and monitor the activity and severity more closely.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relevance of TSH-receptor antibody levels in predicting disease course in Graves’ orbitopathy: comparison of the third-generation TBII assay and Mc4-TSI bioassay

Jang

Shin

Lee

et al. 2013

Eye

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Aims To investigate if TSH-receptor antibody (TRAb) levels measured in early Graves' orbitopathy (GO) stages are predictive of clinical disease course beyond 1 year after initial GO diagnosis and to compare performance of two newly developed TRAb assays (third-generation thyrotropin-binding inhibitor immunoglobulin (TBII) assay vs Mc4-thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) bioassay) in predicting disease course. Methods Newly diagnosed, untreated GO patients whose duration of ocular symptoms was less than 6 months were included. One year after initial diagnosis, all patients were classified as presenting either a mild (Group 1) or severe course (Group 2) according to their clinical manifestations. The measurements of two TRAb assays at initial GO diagnosis were used for analysis. Results Data from 112 patients were available for analysis. Seventy-three patients (65.2%) were designated as Group 1, and 39 patients (34.8%) as Group 2. Patients with higher initial TRAb levels demonstrated a higher risk of severe disease course upon multiple regression analysis (Po0.01). The cutoff values for the prediction of severe course of the third-generation TBII and Mc4-TSI assays were 10.67 IU/l and 555.10%, respectively, with assay specificities of 84.9 and 89.0%. The TBII assay predictive power

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of TSH-receptor antibody levels in predicting disease course in Graves’ orbitopathy: comparison of the third-generation TBII assay and Mc4-TSI bioassay

Jang

Shin

Lee

et al. 2013

Eye

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“…1,10,11 Increased oxidative stress is reported in hyperthyroidism, and oxygen-free radicals are considered to play a role in the pathogenesis of TED, 12 with serum selenoprotein P, an index of the oxidative state, being reduced in TED patients. 13 Furthermore, clinical studies indicate that oral Selenium, an essential component of antioxidant enzymes, 14 can slow progression of the disease in patients with mild Graves' orbitopathy.…”

Section: Mild Tedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and smoking. 1 Although the pathogenesis remains incompletely understood, autoimmune activation of orbital fibroblasts, which in TED express the TSH receptor and produce both proinflammatory molecules and extracellular matrix components, is thought to play a central role. This effect is further compounded by the infiltration of immunocompetent Th1 and B lymphocytes, mast cells, and macrophages, with a release of the Th1-type pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-2, IF-g, and TNF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute thyroid eye disease (TED): Principles of medical and surgical management

Verity

Rose

2013

Eye

109

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“…It is recognized and widely accepted that some environmental factors such as iodine intake, infection, stressful events or smoking may precipitate autoimmunity and GD in genetically predisposed individuals (3,4). The interplay between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors is related to genetic polymorphisms which normally occur in the general population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette Smoking Has no Impact on the Effect of Radioiodine Therapy in Patients with Graves Disease / Pušenje cigareta nema uticaj na ishod radiojodne terapije kod bolesnika sa Grejvsovom bolešću

Sekulić¹,

Rajić²,

Vlajković³

et al. 2015

Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis

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Presently, there is very little data on the impact of nicotine and other components of tobacco smoking on the outcome of radioiodine therapy (RIT) in Graves' disease (GD). Thus, this study was aimed to analyze a possible impact of cigarette smoking on the effect of radioiodine therapy in the patients with Graves' disease.The study included 31 patients (16 smokers and 15 non-smokers) with GD, aged from 22 to 73 years, who were treated with a single dose of iodine-131 sodium iodide ( 131 I-NaI) and subjected to a 12-month follow-up, thereafter. Patients were treated with antithyroid drugs (ATDs) before RIT and described very intense stressful events occurring prior to diagnosing Graves' hyperthyroidism. A successful response to RIT was defined as euthyroidism and subclinical or clinical hypothyroidism, while an unsuccessful response was defined as persistent hyperthyroidism.Comparison The results showed that cigarette smoking has no impact on the effect of radioiodine therapy after twelve-month period in patients who had experienced stressful events before the occurrence of Graves' disease. However, patients with smoking habits achieved successful response later than non-smokers.

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Cigarette Smoking and Treatment Outcomes in Graves Ophthalmopathy

Cited by 265 publications

References 19 publications

Relevance of TSH-receptor antibody levels in predicting disease course in Graves’ orbitopathy: comparison of the third-generation TBII assay and Mc4-TSI bioassay

Relevance of TSH-receptor antibody levels in predicting disease course in Graves’ orbitopathy: comparison of the third-generation TBII assay and Mc4-TSI bioassay

Acute thyroid eye disease (TED): Principles of medical and surgical management

Cigarette Smoking Has no Impact on the Effect of Radioiodine Therapy in Patients with Graves Disease / Pušenje cigareta nema uticaj na ishod radiojodne terapije kod bolesnika sa Grejvsovom bolešću

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