Chronological Variation in the Chemical Composition of Upper Urinary Tract Calculi

Takasaki, Etsuji

doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(17)44710-0

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…5, 7, 10], including Japan [1][2][3]. However, the present results show a relatively low occur rence of struvite stones (1.7%) and a relatively high occur rence of calcium urolithiasis (90.8%) as compared to the other reports.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

“…The incidence of urinary calculi in Japan has been gradually increasing probably due to changes in dietary customs during the last 2 or 3 decades, with calcium uro lithiasis in the upper urinary tract being the most frequent type found in Japan [1][2][3], like in other developed coun tries [4][5][6][7], It is known that the average composition of urinary calculi varies with their size, e.g. most calcium oxalate stones are small, while infection stones are often large [8], However, there have been relatively few papers published in English, especially in Japan, available on the distribution of stone types, including stone size, although such data are useful for clinicians to predict, to a certain extent, which stones are likely to be passed spontaneously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spontaneous Passage of Upper Urinary Tract Calculi in Relation to Composition

Ohkawa¹,

Tokunaga²,

Nakashima³

et al. 1993

Urol Int

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The composition of 2,755 calculi obtained from the upper urinary tract (1,409 by spontaneous passage and 1,346 by urological procedures) was analyzed using an infrared spectrophotometer, and the spontaneous passage rate was investigated in relation to the composition as well as other variables, such as stone size, and patient age and sex. Mixed stones of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate were most frequently found, followed by those of calcium oxalate. The mean size (the maximum diameter) was largest in struvite stones and smallest in calcium oxalate ones. The sizes of stones from women were significantly larger than those from men (p < 0.01). As expected, the stone passage rates were inversely related to increasing stone size. The size of 55.6% of the stones passed was ≤ 5 mm, and that of 96.6% of the stones ≤ 10 mm.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous Passage of Upper Urinary Tract Calculi in Relation to Composition

Ohkawa¹,

Tokunaga²,

Nakashima³

et al. 1993

Urol Int

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“…This may be the reason why reports concerning clinical observations on a lot of patients with bladder stones have become infre quent. Since 1953 we have continued to analyze urinary tract stones by infrared spectroscopy, and the results of studies on upper urinary tract stones have already been reported [ 1,2], As for lower urinary tract stones, the num ber of patients reached 300 by the end of 1992, and we now wish to present the analytical results on the chemical compositions of these stones and the relationships with associated disorders in the urinary tract.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Compositions of 300 Lower Urinary Tract Calculi and Associated Disorders in the Urinary Tract

Takasaki¹,

Suzuki²,

Honda³

et al. 1995

Urol Int

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The stones removed from 273 patients (220 males, 53 females) with bladder stones and 27 patients with urethral stones (males) were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy. Of these stones 50.0% contained magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP), 39.9% calcium (oxalate and/or phosphate), 9.4% uric acid (urate), and 0.7% cystine. The disorders associated with bladder stones were prostatic hyperplasia and cancer (47.8%), neurogenic bladder (11.8%), urethral stricture (3.6%) and so on in males, and neurogenic bladder (48.1%), after operation of uterus (29.0%), bladder cancer (5.7%) and so on in females. Urinary infections were complications in 59.3% of patients with MAP stones, 41.2% with urate stones and 20.0% with calcium stones. The most often isolated bacteria from the infected urine were of the Proteus species.

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“…In South Australia urinary stone composition has remained relatively static over the past 30 years 4 . In Japan, from 1953 to 1984, a reduction in the frequency of struvite calculi from 20% before 1960 to 10% after 1961 was observed, although a slight tendency to increase was again detected after 1973, especially in females 5 . In Massachusetts from 1990 to 2010, the frequency of struvite stones signi cantly decreased from 7.8-3.0% in females but remained stable in males ranging from 2.8-3.7% 6 , This trend is in accordance with our observations that show a decrease from 24% of our previously reported observations in the period 1981-95 9 to the actual 1.6-6.5% value.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effect of Climate on Time Changes in the Spectrum of Urinary Stone Composition

Trinchieri¹,

Maletta²,

Simonelli³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: An increase of the frequency of uric acid urinary stones compared to calcium-containing ones has been recently described. This study was aimed at assessing the frequency of different types of urinary stones in the population of northern Italy in the period 2016-18 compared to 2001-2003.Methods: Analyses by infrared spectroscopy of 1007 stones endoscopically removed at two institutions in the area of Milan (Northern Italy) were retrospectively considered. Stones were classified as calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) and dihydrate (COD), mixed uric acid/calcium oxalate (UC); uric acid (UA), struvite (ST); apatite (CAP); mixed calcium oxalate / apatite (CAPOX); others. The patients were divided into two groups: 2001-2003 and 2016-2018. The average temperature values of the region over the two time periods were obtained by the national statistical institute.Results: The average age of the 2001-2003 group (45.8+/-15.4 years) was significantly lower than the average age of the 2016-18 group (57.9+/-14.8) (0.000). M / F ratio was similar in the two groups: 119 / 69 (1:0.58) in 2001-2003 and 527 / 292 (1:0.55) in 2016-18 (p = 0.862). COM stones tended to more frequent in 2016-18 group than in 2001-03. COD stones were significantly more frequent in 2001-03 than in 2016-18. ST stone frequency was increased from 2001-03 to 2016-18. No increase of uric acid containing stones was observed in 2016-18. Results were confirmed after adjustment by age. Averages annual regional temperatures increased from 14° C to 15.4° C during the two observation periods.Conclusions: No increase of UA stones was observed, probably due to the limited impact of the global warming in our temperate climate.

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Chronological Variation in the Chemical Composition of Upper Urinary Tract Calculi

Cited by 17 publications

References 5 publications

Spontaneous Passage of Upper Urinary Tract Calculi in Relation to Composition

Spontaneous Passage of Upper Urinary Tract Calculi in Relation to Composition

Chemical Compositions of 300 Lower Urinary Tract Calculi and Associated Disorders in the Urinary Tract

Effect of Climate on Time Changes in the Spectrum of Urinary Stone Composition

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