Chronologic versus Biologic Aging of the Human Choroid

May, Christian Albrecht

doi:10.1155/2013/378206

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…This was also justified among the age group comparisons in which older age groups had thicker pericentral RPE layers (Table 5). May [26] reported that Bruch's membrane thickening started in the periphery and macular thickening was observed after 45 years of age. This may also explain why the central 1 mm RPE thickening was not identified in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Analysis of Intra-retinal Layers with Automatic Optical Coherence Tomography Segmentation in Healthy Subjects

Polat

Kurt

Kılıç

et al. 2019

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Aims: To give normative databases of each retinal layers on OCT images in the healthy Caucasian population in Turkey and investigate the relevance of the data with factors such as age, gender, axial length and refraction. Study Design: Prospective, cross sectional, descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Kirsehir Ahi Evran University, Kirsehir/TURKEY. Between September 2017 and March 2018. Methodology: 133 participants underwent full ophthalmologic examination and spectral domain OCT imaging (Spectralis, Heidelberg Engineering, Germany). After the automatic segmentation, central 1 mm and 1-3 mm superior, inferior, nasal and temporal thicknesses of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), inner nuclear layer (INL), outer plexiform layer (OPL), outer nuclear layer (ONL), retina pigment epithelium (RPE), inner retinal layers (IRL), outer retinal layers (ORL) and total retina thickness (TRT) analyzed with respect to age, gender, axial length and refraction (spherical equivalent). Results: Central 1 mm INL, ONL, ORL, IRL and TRT and four quadrants of pericentral 1-3 mm thicknesses of RPE had positive correlation with the age. All the sections of total retina, RNFL, GCL, IPL, INL, ONL and IRL thicknesses were significantly thicker in males compared to females. The thicknesses of all RNFL sections and central 1 mm circle thicknesses of TRT, IPL, INL, OPL, RPE and IRL had positive correlation with the axial length. Conclusion: A normative database for thicknesses of intra-retinal layers in Turkish population was presented in the study and significant impacts of the age, gender and axial length were presented.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Analysis of Intra-retinal Layers with Automatic Optical Coherence Tomography Segmentation in Healthy Subjects

Polat

Kurt

Kılıç

et al. 2019

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“…18 The BM is an acellular extracellular meshwork found between the RPE and the choroid and is known to undergo increased thickening during aging. 19 May 20 reported that thickening of the BM starts in the periphery and macular thickening was first observed from 45 years of age. Other authors proposed its linear correlation with age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Related Changes in the Chorioretinal Junction: An Immunohistochemical Study

Gupta

Saini

Arora

et al. 2017

J Histochem Cytochem.

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The chorioretinal junction comprises the retinal pigment epithelium, Bruch's membrane (BM), and adjacent choroidal capillaries. Its significance lies in its ability to support the retina mechanically and metabolically. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to record the senescent changes affecting all the constituents of the chorioretinal junction in 40 histological specimens across the whole spectrum of the adult age range. This study included light microscopy, with hematoxylin and eosin and PAS stains, and fluorescent microscopy. Immunohistochemistry was done using antibodies against neurofilament, synaptophysin, S-100, and collagen IV. The descriptive microanatomy was corroborated by morphometry. The amount of melanin and lipofuscin granule and drusens were noted. The ratio of thickness of BM to capillary diameter reduced from 1:6 or less in the 2nd decade to 1:3 in the 10th decade. Complete hyalinization of intercapillary pillars was seen in the 10th decade. The accumulation of lipofuscin with age was documented with the diminution in the size of epithelial cells. The subepithelial accumulation of drusen was first noted in the specimen from the late 60s. We have described all senescent changes in the chorioretinal junction chronologically. Similar changes are found in a more pronounced form in age-related macular degeneration. These data might serve as a reference baseline for clinicians and pathologists.

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“…Such dual innervation balances the increase and decrease in choroid blood flow. Despite aging, the choroidal innervation patterns and neural transmitters remain unaltered to some extent [ 111 ]; however, some studies have suggested a decrease in adrenergic fibers and VIP(+) nerve fibers [ 122 , 123 , 124 ]. SP (+) and CGRP (+) ICNs have been identified in choroidal whole mounts, suggesting choroidal innervation by sensory nerves.…”

Section: Autonomic Control Of the Eyementioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Autonomic Nervous System: An Update from Anatomy to Physiological Functions

Zhao

Zhang

2022

Vision

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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) confers neural control of the entire body, mainly through the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves. Several studies have observed that the physiological functions of the eye (pupil size, lens accommodation, ocular circulation, and intraocular pressure regulation) are precisely regulated by the ANS. Almost all parts of the eye have autonomic innervation for the regulation of local homeostasis through synergy and antagonism. With the advent of new research methods, novel anatomical characteristics and numerous physiological processes have been elucidated. Herein, we summarize the anatomical and physiological functions of the ANS in the eye within the context of its intrinsic connections. This review provides novel insights into ocular studies.

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Chronologic versus Biologic Aging of the Human Choroid

Cited by 7 publications

References 66 publications

The Analysis of Intra-retinal Layers with Automatic Optical Coherence Tomography Segmentation in Healthy Subjects

The Analysis of Intra-retinal Layers with Automatic Optical Coherence Tomography Segmentation in Healthy Subjects

Age-Related Changes in the Chorioretinal Junction: An Immunohistochemical Study

Ocular Autonomic Nervous System: An Update from Anatomy to Physiological Functions

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