Chronobiological aspects of nutrition, metabolic syndrome and obesity

Garaulet, Marta; Madrid, Juan Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.addr.2010.05.005

Cited by 147 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…non-communicable chronic diseases such as CVD and metabolic syndrome (4)(5)(6) . It has been hypothesised that consuming irregular or inconsistent meals affects our internal body clock, also called chrono-biological or circadian rhythms, and could thereby have an impact on metabolic disease risk.…”

Section: Proceedings Of the Nutrition Societymentioning

confidence: 99%

Meal irregularity and cardiometabolic consequences: results from observational and intervention studies

2016

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Studying irregular meal patterns fits in with the latest research focusing not only on what people eat but also when they eat, also called chrono-nutrition. Chrono-nutrition involves studying the impact of nutrition on metabolism via circadian patterns, including three aspects of time: (ir)regularity, frequency and clock time. The present paper aimed to narratively review research on irregular meal patterns and cardiometabolic consequences. Only few cross-sectional studies and prospective cohort studies were identified, and most of these suggested that eating meals irregularly is associated with a higher risk of the metabolic syndrome and cardiometabolic risk factors, including BMI and blood pressure. This was supported by two randomised controlled intervention studies showing that consuming meals regularly for 2 weeks v. an irregular meal pattern, led to beneficial impact on cardiometabolic risk factors as lower peak insulin, lower fasting total and LDL-cholesterol, both in lean and obese women. In conclusion, the limited evidence on meal regularity and cardiometabolic consequences supports the hypothesis that consuming meals irregularly is adversely associated with cardiometabolic risk. However, it also highlights the need for more large-scale studies, including detailed dietary assessment to further advance the understanding of the impact of chrono-nutrition on public health.

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Section: Proceedings Of the Nutrition Societymentioning

confidence: 99%

Meal irregularity and cardiometabolic consequences: results from observational and intervention studies

2016

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“…Circadian genes may play an important role in the control of multiple biological processes (5), including DNA repair, oxidative stress, maintenance of genomic stability, cell proliferation, and apoptosis (6,7). Therefore, they may have important relevance to the carcinogenic process.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian gene expression in peripheral blood leukocytes of rotating night shift nurses

Reszka¹,

Pepłońska²,

Wieczorek³

et al. 2012

Scand J Work Environ Health

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“…Weaker rhythmicity implies a lower signal-to-noise ratio, 42 which might affect the computation of amplitude and acrophase, Body temperature and obesity G Piccione et al but there is no a priori reason why the amplitude should be enhanced or the acrophase should be delayed in obese animalsFor, for that matter, why obese dogs should exhibit weaker rhythmicity than lean ones. There is some evidence that disruption of circadian organization may facilitate the development of obesity, [43][44][45] and it is possible that the delayed acrophase in obese dogs reflects internal desynchronization of circadian rhythms. Simultaneous recording of many variables in lean and obese dogs might review differences in internal order associated with obesity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between obesity and reduced body temperature in dogs

et al. 2010

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Background: Industrialized nations are currently experiencing an obesity epidemic, the causes of which are not fully known. One possible mechanism of enhanced energy efficiency that has received almost no attention is a reduction in the metabolic cost of homeothermy, which could be achieved by a modest lowering of body core temperature. We evaluated the potential of this obesity-inducing mechanism in a canine model of the metabolic syndrome. Methods: We compared the rectal temperature of lean dogs and obese dogs by (a) conducting cross-sectional measurements in 287 dogs of many breeds varying greatly in body size, (b) conducting longitudinal measurements in individual dogs over 7-10 years and (c) tracking rectal temperature of lean and obese dogs at 3-h intervals for 48 consecutive hours in the laboratory. Results: We found that larger dogs have lower rectal temperatures than smaller dogs and that, for the same body mass, obese dogs have lower rectal temperatures than lean dogs. The results were consistent in the cross-sectional, longitudinal and aroundthe-clock measurements. Conclusion: These findings document an association between obesity and reduced body temperature in dogs and support the hypothesis that obesity in this and other species of homeotherms may result from an increase in metabolic efficiency achieved by a regulated lowering of body temperature.

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Chronobiological aspects of nutrition, metabolic syndrome and obesity

Cited by 147 publications

References 105 publications

Meal irregularity and cardiometabolic consequences: results from observational and intervention studies

Meal irregularity and cardiometabolic consequences: results from observational and intervention studies

Circadian gene expression in peripheral blood leukocytes of rotating night shift nurses

Association between obesity and reduced body temperature in dogs

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