Chronic scrotal hyperthermia induces azoospermia and severe damage to testicular tissue in mice

Ziaeipour, Sanaz; Piryaei, Abbas; Aliaghaei, Abbas; Nazarian, Hamid; Naserzadeh, Parvaneh; Ebrahimi, Vahid; Abdi, Shabnam; Shahi, Farshad; Ahmadi, Hosein; Fathabadi, Fatemeh Fadaei; Abdollahifar, Mohammad‐Amin

doi:10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151712

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In line with previous studies on the effects of heat stress on spermatogenesis [ 11 , 34 ], our research found that Hyp leads to reproductive toxicity and azoospermia in animals. The sperm parameter analysis showed significant improvements in sperm count, motility, viability, morphology, and serum testosterone levels, along with a noticeable decrease in ROS production levels in animals treated with RACHNPs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…It also caused atrophic changes in the seminiferous tubules, including the degeneration, reduction, and disorganization of germ cells. Additionally, Leydig cells in the interstitial tissues underwent degeneration, developed small to large vacuoles, and displayed irregular gaps; additionally, a significant decrease in testicular volume was observed [ 3 , 11 , 38 ]. However, the injection of RACHNPs restored the spermatogenic processes, testis weight, testicular histoarchitecture, and pathophysiological parameters in the testes affected by Hyp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Retinoic acid loaded with chitosan nanoparticles improves spermatogenesis in scrotal hyperthermia in mice

Mazini,

Abdollahifar,

Niknejad

et al. 2023

Clin Exp Reprod Med

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Objective: High temperatures can trigger cellular oxidative stress and disrupt spermatogenesis, potentially leading to male infertility. We investigated the effects of retinoic acid (RA), chitosan nanoparticles (CHNPs), and retinoic acid loaded with chitosan nanoparticles (RACHNPs) on spermatogenesis in mice induced by scrotal hyperthermia (Hyp). Methods: Thirty mice (weighing 25 to 30 g) were divided into five experimental groups of six mice each. The groups were as follows: control, Hyp induced by a water bath (43 °C for 30 minutes/day for 5 weeks), Hyp+RA (2 mg/kg/day), Hyp+CHNPs (2 mg/kg/72 hours), and Hyp+RACHNPs (4 mg/kg/72 hours). The mice were treated for 35 days. After the experimental treatments, the animals were euthanized. Sperm samples were collected for analysis of sperm parameters, and blood serum was isolated for testosterone measurement. Testis samples were also collected for histopathology assessment, reactive oxygen species (ROS) evaluation, and RNA extraction, which was done to compare the expression levels of the bax, bcl2, p53, Fas, and FasL genes among groups. Additionally, immunohistochemical staining was performed.Results: Treatment with RACHNPs significantly increased stereological parameters such as testicular volume, seminiferous tubule length, and testicular cell count. Additionally, it increased testosterone concentration and improved sperm parameters. We observed significant decreases in ROS production and caspase-3 immunostaining in the RACHNP group. Moreover, the expression levels of bax, p53, Fas, and FasL significantly decreased in the groups treated with RACHNPs and RA.Conclusion: RACHNPs can be considered a potent antioxidative and antiapoptotic agent for therapeutic strategies in reproductive and regenerative medicine.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinoic acid loaded with chitosan nanoparticles improves spermatogenesis in scrotal hyperthermia in mice

Mazini,

Abdollahifar,

Niknejad

et al. 2023

Clin Exp Reprod Med

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“…Scrotal hyperthermia significantly causes complete spermatogenic arrest with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial membrane permeability (MMP), and oxidized glutathione (GSSG). [ 50 ]. Heat stress increased caspase 3/7 activity, protein carbonyl (PC, a measure of ROS) contents, and nitrates/nitrites (NOx, a metabolite of nitric oxide) levels in testicular tissues, which led to enhanced apoptosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effect of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. Extract on Heat Stress-Induced Spermatogenesis Complications in Murine Model

Bui-Le

Quảng

Hoang-Viet

et al. 2023

CIMB

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Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. is a precious herb used in traditional medicine systems in Asian countries for various health benefits. This study investigated the potential protective effects of C. orchioides extract on reproductive health under heat stress conditions in male mice. Forty-eight mice were divided into eight groups, control condition (C group), C. orchioides extract at the dosages of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/day (C100, C200, C400 group), 40 °C heat exposure (H group), and combined 40 °C heat exposure and C. orchioides extract at the dosages of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/day (HC100, HC200, HC400 group). The result shows that the mice that received only C. orchioides extract without heat stress do not have a significant change in histological structure and testosterone level. The histological analysis of testicular tissue showed that heat stress conditions reduced reproductive function and inhibited the spermatogenesis of male mice. The C. orchioides rhizome extract treatment attenuated the heat stress-induced spermatogenesis complications in the murine model. Mice in the heat-stress group treated with C. orchioides extract had increased spermatogenic cells and spermatozoa compared with mice exposed to heat without C. orchioides treatment. Moreover, the aqueous extract of C. orchioides rhizome enhanced the serum total testosterone levels in heat-exposed mice. In conclusion, the study findings validate that C. orchioides is effective against heat stress-induced spermatogenesis complications in the murine model.

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“…The pre‐and post‐treatment of insulin decreased oxidative stress by lowering the MDA levels. It has been shown that heat‐mediated testicular impairment could be attributed to increased oxidative stress (Durairajanayagam et al, 2015; Ikeda et al, 1999; Ziaeipour et al, 2021). Analysis of antioxidant enzymes like GPx and catalase did not show marked improvement with insulin treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a single dose of intra‐testicular insulin treatment in heat‐stressed mice model

Jeremy¹,

Gurusubramanian

Roy

2022

Andrologia

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Insulin plays important role in testicular functions such as germ cell proliferation and steroidogenesis, despite its conventional role as a hypoglycaemic agent. It is also well known that testicular activity is severely get affected by heat stress and heat stress induces testicular pathogenesis. The effect of insulin on heat‐induced testicular impairment has not been investigated. Thus, it is hypothesized that insulin might modulate testicular activity in a heat‐stressed model. Experimental mice were separated into 4 groups; the first group was the normal control (CN), and the second group was subjected to heat stress (HS) by submerging the lower body part in a thermostatically controlled water bath maintained at 43°C for 15 min. The third and fourth groups were treated with a single dose of intra‐testicular insulin (0.6 IU/mice) before and after heat stress. Animal tissue samples were collected after 14 days of heat treatment. Insulin treatment did not improve the sperm parameters; however, both insulin pre and post‐treatment improved the markers of spermatogenesis such as Johnsen score, germinal epithelium height and the number of stages VII/VIII. The histoarchitecture of testis also showed amelioration from heat‐induced pathogenesis in the insulin‐treated groups. Insulin treatment has also increased the proliferation of germ cells (increased PCNA and GCN), survival (Bcl2), and decreased apoptosis (active caspase‐3). Furthermore, insulin treatment decreased MDA levels, without pronounced effects on the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Heat stress also decreased the circulating testosterone and oestrogen levels, and insulin treatment significantly increased oestrogen levels only. Although testosterone showed an increasing trend, it was insignificant. The expression of aromatase, AR, ER‐α, and ER‐β was down regulated by heat‐stress and insulin treatment up regulated these markers. In conclusion, our results showed the amelioration of heat‐induced testicular impairment by pre and post‐intra‐testicular insulin treatments. Insulin‐associated improvements in the pre‐and post‐treatment groups suggested a preventive mechanism of insulin against heat stress in the testis.

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Chronic scrotal hyperthermia induces azoospermia and severe damage to testicular tissue in mice

Cited by 17 publications

References 26 publications

Retinoic acid loaded with chitosan nanoparticles improves spermatogenesis in scrotal hyperthermia in mice

Retinoic acid loaded with chitosan nanoparticles improves spermatogenesis in scrotal hyperthermia in mice

Protective Effect of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. Extract on Heat Stress-Induced Spermatogenesis Complications in Murine Model

Evaluation of a single dose of intra‐testicular insulin treatment in heat‐stressed mice model

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