Chronic prepartum light-dark phase shifts in cattle disrupt circadian clocks, decrease insulin sensitivity and mammary development, and are associated with lower milk yield through 60 days postpartum

McCabe, Conor; Suárez-Trujillo, Aridany; Teeple, Kelsey; Casey, Theresa; Boerman, Jacquelyn P.

doi:10.3168/jds.2020-19250

Cited by 19 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Data were collected from 16 multiparous cows with 2.88 ± 0.91 lactations, a previous lactation milk yield of 12,277 ± 3460 kg, and a body weight of 752 ± 66 kg at five weeks BEC. In both experiments, cows were blocked by lactation number, previous lactation yield, and number of disease events (hyperketonemia, mastitis, hypocalcemia, metritis, retained placenta, and displaced abomasum; data previously reported [ 15 , 16 ]) during the previous lactation, into one of two treatments—control (CON) or phase shift (PS) at 35 d BEC. From 35 d BEC through calving, CON animals received a consistent timing of 16 h of light and 8 h of dark every day, whereas PS cows received the same amount of light in a 6 h forward shift of the photophase every 3 d. Then from calving through 60 DIM, all cattle received the CON light–dark cycle.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From 35 d BEC through calving, CON animals received a consistent timing of 16 h of light and 8 h of dark every day, whereas PS cows received the same amount of light in a 6 h forward shift of the photophase every 3 d. Then from calving through 60 DIM, all cattle received the CON light–dark cycle. Further details on CON and PS treatments, experimental procedures, and power analysis for this study design are available in our previous manuscripts [ 15 , 16 ]. No differences in LDT or BFT changes were observed between CON and PS cattle.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relative Late Gestational Muscle and Adipose Thickness Reflect the Amount of Mobilization of These Tissues in Periparturient Dairy Cattle

McCabe

Suárez-Trujillo

Casey

2021

Animals

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Due to insufficient dry matter intake and heightened nutrient requirements in early lactation, periparturient dairy cows mobilize adipose and muscle tissues to bridge energy and amino acid gaps, respectively. Our objective was to evaluate the relationship between the relative muscle thickness of late pregnant cows and their early lactation performance. At 35 d before expected calving (BEC), longissimus dorsi muscle thickness (LDT) was measured in forty-one multiparous Holstein cows via ultrasound. Tissue mobilization was evaluated via ultrasound images of LDT and backfat thickness (BFT) at 21 and 7 d BEC as well as at 0, 10, 30, and 60 DIM. Plasma concentrations of 3-methylhistidine (3-MH), creatinine (CRE), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) were evaluated weekly. Milk yield and milk component data were collected through 60 DIM. Cattle were assigned post hoc to high-muscle (HM; n = 20; LDT > 4.49 cm) or low-muscle (LM; n = 21; ≤4.37 cm) groups, with mean LDT at 35 d BEC greater in HM (5.05 ± 0.49) than in LM (3.52 ± 0.65) animals. Between 35 and 21 d BEC, LM cows gained LDT, whereas HM cows gained BFT. HM cows mobilized more muscle from 21 d BEC to 30 DIM, as reflected by a greater loss of LDT, greater 3-MH concentrations (532 vs. 438 ± 30 ng/mL), and a greater 3-MH:CRE ratio (0.164 vs. 0.131 ± 0.008) in the first three weeks postpartum. The LDT and BFT at 21 d BEC were related to the amount of respective tissue mobilized through 30 DIM (R2 = 0.37 and 0.88, respectively). Although calves born to HM cattle were larger (45.2 vs. 41.8 ± 0.7 kg), HM cows produced less milk (38.8 vs. 41.6 ± 0.8 kg/d) with a tendency towards higher fat content (4.33 vs. 4.05 ± 0.12%), likely related to the mobilization of more backfat from 0 to 60 DIM (1.78 vs. 0.68 ± 0.34 mm), compared to LM cattle. These findings suggest that a cow’s metabolic status, as measured by LDT and BFT prepartum, may influence the metabolic strategy the animal uses to meet energy and amino acid requirements in late gestation and early lactation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative Late Gestational Muscle and Adipose Thickness Reflect the Amount of Mobilization of These Tissues in Periparturient Dairy Cattle

McCabe

Suárez-Trujillo

Casey

2021

Animals

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“…The feed was delivered to all cows for an expected 10% refusals at~1600 h. Once animals calved, they were milked twice each day at 0500 h and 1600 h. Cows exposed to the PS treatment produced less milk per day as compared with the CON, through 60-DIM. Details of the barn, separation of treatments for light exposures and shifting phases, and study outcomes have been described in extensive detail in our previous publication [11]. A graphical schematic of the experimental design is shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Animal Management and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…for light exposures and shifting phases, and study outcomes have been described in extensive detail in our previous publication [11]. A graphical schematic of the experimental design is shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Animal Management and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Exposure to Chronic Light–Dark Phase Shifting Circadian Rhythm Disruption on Muscle Proteome in Periparturient Dairy Cows

2021

Self Cite

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Muscle tissue serves as a key nutrient reservoir that dairy cows utilize to meet energy and amino acid requirements for fetal growth and milk production. Circadian clocks act as homeostatic regulators so that organisms can anticipate regular environmental changes. The objective of this study was to use liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to determine how chronic circadian disruption in late gestation affected the muscle tissue proteome. At five weeks before expected calving (BEC), multiparous Holstein cows were assigned to either a control (CON, n = 8) or a 6 h forward phase shift (PS, n = 8) of the light–dark cycle every 3 days. At calving, all animals were exposed to CON light–dark cycles. Muscle biopsies were collected from longissimus dorsi muscles at 21 days BEC and at 21 days postpartum (PP). At p < 0.1, 116 and 121 proteins were differentially abundant between PS and CON at 21 days BEC and 21 days PP, respectively. These proteins regulate beta oxidation and glycolysis. Between pregnancy and lactation, 134 and 145 proteins were differentially abundant in CON and PS cows, respectively (p < 0.1). At both timepoints, PS cows exhibited an oxidative stress signature. Thus, dairy cattle management strategies that minimize circadian disruptions may ensure optimal health and production performance.

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Advances in circadian clock regulation of reproduction

Li¹,

Zhang²,

Wang³

et al. 2023

Circadian System

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Chronic prepartum light-dark phase shifts in cattle disrupt circadian clocks, decrease insulin sensitivity and mammary development, and are associated with lower milk yield through 60 days postpartum

Cited by 19 publications

References 63 publications

Relative Late Gestational Muscle and Adipose Thickness Reflect the Amount of Mobilization of These Tissues in Periparturient Dairy Cattle

Relative Late Gestational Muscle and Adipose Thickness Reflect the Amount of Mobilization of These Tissues in Periparturient Dairy Cattle

Impact of Exposure to Chronic Light–Dark Phase Shifting Circadian Rhythm Disruption on Muscle Proteome in Periparturient Dairy Cows

Advances in circadian clock regulation of reproduction

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