Chronic mild stress causes a decrease in the preference for low ethanol concentrations in male Wistar rats

Smith, J. W. G.; Remy, S. Maurel; Schreiber, Rudy; Vry, Jochen De

doi:10.1016/0924-977x(96)82959-2

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Decreased consumption of addictive substances after CMS has been previously reported. In agreement with our findings in Drd2+/+ mice, CMS induced a decreased preference for ETOH solutions (Smith, Remy, Schreiber, & DeVry, 1996) (Thanos, et al, unpublished observations) and prevented the development of morphine-conditioned place preference (Valverde, Smadja, Roques, & Moldonado, 1997). These results suggest that CMS lowers the sensitivity to two artificial reinforcers (alcohol and morphine) that have a relatively mild effect on DA release and induces a presumed anhedonic state.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Chronic mild stress increases alcohol intake in mice with low dopamine D2 receptor levels.

Delis

Thanos

Rombola

et al. 2013

Behavioral Neuroscience

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Alcohol use disorders emerge from a complex interaction between environmental and genetic factors. Stress and dopamine D2 receptor levels (DRD2) have been shown to play a central role in alcoholism. To better understand the interactions between DRD2 and stress in ethanol intake behavior, we subjected Drd2 wild-type (+/+), heterozygous (+/-), and knockout (-/-) mice to 4 weeks of chronic mild stress (CMS) and to an ethanol two-bottle choice during CMS weeks 2-4. Prior to and at the end of the experiment, the animals were tested in the forced swim and open field tests. We measured ethanol intake and preference, immobility in the force swim test, and activity in the open field. We show that under no CMS, Drd2+/- and Drd2-/- mice had lower ethanol intake and preference compared with Drd2+/+. Exposure to CMS decreased ethanol intake and preference in Drd2+/+ and increased them in Drd2+/- and Drd2-/- mice. At baseline, Drd2+/- and Drd2-/- mice had significantly lower activity in the open field than Drd2+/+, whereas no genotype differences were observed in the forced swim test. Exposure to CMS increased immobility during the forced swim test in Drd2+/- mice, but not in Drd2+/+ or Drd2-/- mice, and ethanol intake reversed this behavior. No changes were observed in open field test measures. These findings suggest that in the presence of a stressful environment, low DRD2 levels are associated with increased ethanol intake and preference and that under this condition, increased ethanol consumption could be used as a strategy to alleviate negative mood.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Chronic mild stress increases alcohol intake in mice with low dopamine D2 receptor levels.

Delis

Thanos

Rombola

et al. 2013

Behavioral Neuroscience

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“…It has long been recognized that the ability to predict a stressor is a major factor determining an individual’s biobehavioral response to the stressor (c.f., Koolhaus et al 2005) and that chronic exposure to unpredictable stressors produces a robust, depressive-like, phenotype in laboratory rodents that is associated with perturbations within the biochemistry of neural circuits subserving motivation (c.f., Willner, 2005). However, relatively few preclinical reports exist that focus on understanding the impact of unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) upon behavioral sensitivity to alcohol, particularly alcohol intake (D’Aquila et al 1994; Camarini et al 2012; Rocha et al 2012; Smith et al, 1996) of relevance to understanding the etiology of alcoholism and the high prevalence of comorbidity between alcohol use and affective disorders (e.g., Grant et al 2005; Hasin and Grant 2004; Jacobsen et al 2001; Kessler et al 2005). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The negative results for saccharin intake/preference are consistent with the very moderate to negligible effects of our UCMS procedures upon our health outcome measures (Table 2), but contrast starkly with the marked reduction in sweet solution reward, as well as body weight and self-care, reported to occur under more prolonged (3–10 week) UCMS paradigms more frequently used to model major depression in rodents (see Willner, 2005). Indeed, the majority of studies that have employed prolonged UCMS procedures have reported also reduced indices of drug reward, including blunted alcohol preference and intake (e.g., D’Acquila et al 1994; Papp et al 1991; Smith et al 1996) and the cooccurrence of low preference for both non-drug and drug rewards has been interpreted to reflect UCMS-induced anhedonia (c.f., Willner 2005). However, the rate of comorbidity between alcohol use disorders and affective disorders, including major depression, is remarkably high (e.g., Hasin and Grant 2004; Hasin et al 2005, 2007; Kessler et al 2005; Presley et al 1994; SAMHSA 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homer2 regulates alcohol and stress cross-sensitization

et al. 2015

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An interaction exists between stress and alcohol in the etiology and chronicity of alcohol use disorders; yet a knowledge gap exists regarding the neurobiological underpinnings of this interaction. In this regard, we employed an 11-day unpredictable, chronic, mild stress (UCMS) procedure to examine for stress-alcohol cross-sensitization of motor activity, as well as alcohol consumption/preference and intoxication. We also employed immunoblotting to relate the expression of glutamate receptor-related proteins within subregions of the nucleus accumbens (NAC) to the manifestation of behavioral cross-sensitization. UCMS mice exhibited a greater locomotor response to an acute injection of 2 g/kg alcohol than unstressed controls and this cross-sensitization extended to alcohol intake (0–20%), as well as to the intoxicating and sedative properties of 3 and 5 g/kg alcohol, respectively. Regardless of prior alcohol injection (2 g/kg), UCMS mice exhibited elevated NAC shell levels of mGlu1α, GluN2b and Homer2, as well as lower PLCβ within this subregion. GluN2b levels were also lower within the NAC core of UCMS mice. The expression of stress-alcohol locomotor cross-sensitization was associated with lower mGlu1α within the NAC core and lower ERK activity within both NAC subregions. As Homer2 regulates alcohol sensitization, we assayed also for locomotor cross-sensitization in Homer2 wild-type (WT) and knock-out (KO) mice. WT mice exhibited a very robust cross-sensitization, that was absent in KO animals. These results indicate that a history of mild stress renders an animal more sensitive to the psychomotor and rewarding properties of alcohol, which may depend upon neuroplasticity within NAC glutamate transmission.

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“…In rats, this voluntary consumption phenomena is insufficient to elicit abuse-like phenotype without induction of intermittent withdrawals [ 86 ]. Other studies exploring the properties of ethanol in animals found a diminution in ethanol preference in deficient DRD2 mice [ 87 ] and a reduction in ethanol preference of rats subdued to chronic mild stress [ 88 , 89 ]. The inferred resemblance we found between ethanol and sucrose preferences highlights the possibility of operationalizing ethanol preference test not solely for addiction research but also for experiments concerning hedonic tone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escitalopram and NHT normalized stress-induced anhedonia and molecular neuroadaptations in a mouse model of depression

et al. 2017

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Anhedonia is defined as a diminished ability to obtain pleasure from otherwise positive stimuli. Anxiety and mood disorders have been previously associated with dysregulation of the reward system, with anhedonia as a core element of major depressive disorder (MDD). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether stress-induced anhedonia could be prevented by treatments with escitalopram or novel herbal treatment (NHT) in an animal model of depression. Unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) was administered for 4 weeks on ICR outbred mice. Following stress exposure, animals were randomly assigned to pharmacological treatment groups (i.e., saline, escitalopram or NHT). Treatments were delivered for 3 weeks. Hedonic tone was examined via ethanol and sucrose preferences. Biological indices pertinent to MDD and anhedonia were assessed: namely, hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and striatal dopamine receptor D2 (Drd2) mRNA expression levels. The results indicate that the UCMS-induced reductions in ethanol or sucrose preferences were normalized by escitalopram or NHT. This implies a resemblance between sucrose and ethanol in their hedonic-eliciting property. On a neurobiological aspect, UCMS-induced reduction in hippocampal BDNF levels was normalized by escitalopram or NHT, while UCMS-induced reduction in striatal Drd2 mRNA levels was normalized solely by NHT. The results accentuate the association of stress and anhedonia, and pinpoint a distinct effect for NHT on striatal Drd2 expression.

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Chronic mild stress causes a decrease in the preference for low ethanol concentrations in male Wistar rats

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Chronic mild stress increases alcohol intake in mice with low dopamine D2 receptor levels.

Chronic mild stress increases alcohol intake in mice with low dopamine D2 receptor levels.

Homer2 regulates alcohol and stress cross-sensitization

Escitalopram and NHT normalized stress-induced anhedonia and molecular neuroadaptations in a mouse model of depression

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