Chronic intake of high-dose of blueberry leaf extract does not augment the harmful effects of ethanol in rats

Abstract

Excessive alcohol consumption is a risk factor for liver diseases. Enhancement of alcohol metabolism could be an effective strategy to prevent these adverse effects since it promotes the clearance of ethanol and acetaldehyde from the serum. Polyphenol-rich products have shown to protect against alcohol-related liver damage. Blueberry leaves have attracted attention as they are rich polyphenols such as proantocyanidins and chlorogenic acid. In this study, we investigated the effects of a high dose of blueberry leaf extract (BLEx) on alcohol metabolism during chronic intake of ethanol. Seven-week old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into four groups: normal liquid diet group (NLD), normal liquid diet + BLEx group (NLD + BLEx), alcohol liquid diet group (ALD), and alcohol liquid diet + BLEx (ALD + BLEx). Then, rats were fed experimental diet for 5 weeks and at the end of feeding period, body weight, food intake, liver weight, indices of liver injury, expression and activity of alcohol metabolism-related and anti-oxidative enzymes, and levels of carbonyl protein, triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (T-Chol) were measured. Body weight and food intake decreased, whereas liver aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity, liver microsomal cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) protein and mRNA expression, and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) mRNA expression were upregulated by ethanol intake. Dietary BLEx, however, did not affect any of these ethanol-related changes. Indices of liver injury, expression and activity of other alcohol metabolism-related enzymes, liver carbonyl protein, TG, and T-Chol levels were not altered by ethanol and BLEx. Thus, chronic BLEx intake does not ameliorate the harmful effects of ethanol.

Oxidative Stress Parameters in the Liver of Growing Male Rats Receiving Various Alcoholic Beverages

“…However, in the present study, the ADH activity of the studied young animals did not differ from that of the control animals when various alcoholic beverages were applied. Similar results were reported in the study by Yamasaki et al [29], in which the Lieber-DeCarli diet was given for 5 weeks to mature rats. By contrast, Tahir and Sultana [30] stated that mature rats exhibited a higher ADH activity after 4 weeks of increasing consumption of ethanol (5,8,10, and 12 g per kg of body mass) compared with the control animals, while Chandrasekaran et al [31] stated an increased in vitro ADH activity after prolonged ethanol consumption.…”

“…When ethanol is consumed continuously, or at a high concentration, by an organism, the function of ADH is intercepted by CYP2E1, as Yamasaki et al [29] noted an increase in the expression…”

“…When ethanol is consumed continuously, or at a high concentration, by an organism, the function of ADH is intercepted by CYP2E1, as Yamasaki et al [29] noted an increase in the expression of CYP2E1 protein in the liver of mature rats that received the Lieber-DeCarli diet. In the present study, a significantly higher level of CYP2E1 in comparison with the control group was observed only in the animals that received beer for 6 weeks, but not in those receiving other alcoholic beverages.…”

Effects of <i>p</i>-Hydroxybenzaldehyde and <i>p</i>-Hydroxyacetophenone from Non-centrifuged Cane Sugar, Kokuto, on Serum Corticosterone, and Liver Conditions in Chronically Stressed Mice Fed with a High-fat Diet

“…Quantitation of liver protein, triglyceride, and total cholesterol The liver protein, triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels were performed according to the method described by Yamasaki et al (2019). The protein concentration, as well as TG and TC levels in the supernatant of liver homogenates were determined using the Protein Quantification Kit-Rapid (Dojindo Molecular Technologies, Inc., Kumamoto, Japan), Triglyceride E test Wako and Cholesterol E test Wako (FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation) according to the manufacturer's instructions, respectively.…”

Effective Utilization of Vaccinium virgatum Aiton Stems as Functional Materials: Major Constituent Analysis and Bioactivity Evaluation

“…Leaves of V. virgatum plants collected in December exhibited the most effective inhibition of ATL cell proliferation [6,7]. The leaves of V. virgatum plants also exhibit a variety of other functions, including effects on alcohol metabolism during chronic intake of ethanol (EtOH) [8], anti-fibrogenic properties [9], and suppression of hepatitis C virus replication [10]. Moreover, we reported a relationship between seasonal variation and ATL-related bioactivity of natural products using a direct-injection electron ionization-mass spectrometry metabolomics method [11].…”