Chronic exposure to low mercury chloride concentration induces object recognition and aversive memories deficits in rats

Mello‐Carpes, Pâmela Billig; Barros, Wellinghton; Borges, Sidnei; Alves, Niége; Rizzetti, Danize Aparecida; Peçanhã, Franck Maciel; Vassallo, Dalton Valentim; Wiggers, Giulia Alessandra; Izquierdo, Iván

doi:10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2013.05.009

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Studies have reported that the exposure to HgCl 2 is able to induce behavioral alterations during brain developmental periods and, more recently, in adult rats . In the present study, utilizing the two behavioral tests, we verified that the motor function, muscular strength and size, and cerebellar function were damaged in young rats exposed to Hg.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Preventive Effect of CuCl₂on Behavioral Alterations and Mercury Accumulation in Central Nervous System Induced by HgCl₂in Newborn Rats

Moraes-Silva

Siqueira

Oliveira

et al. 2014

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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This study investigated the benefits of Cu preexposition on Hg effects on behavioral tests, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and Hg, and essential metal contents in the cerebrum and cerebellum of neonate rats. Wistar rats received (subcutaneous) saline or CuCl2 ·2H2O (6.9 mg/kg/day) when they were 3 to 7 days old and saline or HgCl2 (5.0 mg/kg/day) when they were 8 to 12 days old. Mercury exposure reduced the performance of rats in the negative geotaxis (3-13 days) and beaker test (17-20 days), inhibited cerebellum AChE activity (13 days), increased cerebrum and cerebellum Hg (13 days), cerebrum Cu (13 days), and cerebrum and cerebellum Zn levels (33 days). The performance of rats in the tail immersion and rotarod tests as well as Fe and Mg levels were not altered by treatments. Copper prevented all alterations induced by mercury. These results are important to open a new perspective of prevention and/or therapy for mercury exposure.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Preventive Effect of CuCl₂on Behavioral Alterations and Mercury Accumulation in Central Nervous System Induced by HgCl₂in Newborn Rats

Moraes-Silva

Siqueira

Oliveira

et al. 2014

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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“…Moreover, the bran effect-response to mercury seems to be dependent on reaching a critical threshold concentration/deposition after prolonged exposure, since we did not find LH reduction after 30-days exposure. This hypothesis is supported by a recent publication of our group in which we observed that only exposure for 60 days to HgCl 2 in adulthood can cause deleterious effects on cognitive function and memory formation [38]. However, further experiments are still necessary to determine the time necessary for the effects we observed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

60-Day Chronic Exposure to Low Concentrations of HgCl2 Impairs Sperm Quality: Hormonal Imbalance and Oxidative Stress as Potential Routes for Reproductive Dysfunction in Rats

et al. 2014

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Mercury is a toxic and bio-accumulative heavy metal of global concern. While good deals of research have been conducted on the toxic effects of mercury, little is known about the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of male reproductive dysfunction induced by mercury. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the effects and underlying mechanisms of chronic mercury exposure at low levels on male reproductive system of rats. Three-month-old male Wistar rats were divided into two groups and treated for 60 days with saline (i.m., Control) and HgCl2 (i.m. 1st dose: 4.6 µg/kg, subsequent doses 0.07 µg/kg/day). We analyzed sperm parameters, hormonal levels and biomarkers of oxidative stress in testis, epididymis, prostate and vas deferens. Mercury treatment decreased daily sperm production, count and motility and increased head and tail morphologic abnormalities. Moreover, mercury treatment decreased luteinizing hormone levels, increased lipid peroxidation on testis and decreased antioxidant enzymes activities (superoxide dismutase and catalase) on reproductive organs. Our data demonstrate that 60-day chronic exposure to low concentrations of HgCl2 impairs sperm quality and promotes hormonal imbalance. The raised oxidative stress seems to be a potential mechanism involved on male reproductive toxicity by mercury.

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“…In fact, the motor function of rats was compromised after exposure to iHg, as demonstrated by the negative geotaxis and beaker test (Moraes-Silva et al, 2014). Moreover, the chronic exposure to iHg can impair memory formation in rats, leading to a deficit on object recognition and aversive memories (Mello-Carpes et al, 2013). Fish exposure to iHg provided contrasting results, namely on the Atlantic salmon where no alterations were found on overall activity (Berntssen et al, 2003), while Pomatoschistus microps exhibited a reduced ability to swim (Vieira et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inorganic mercury accumulation in brain following waterborne exposure elicits a deficit on the number of brain cells and impairs swimming behavior in fish (white seabream—Diplodus sargus)

et al. 2016

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The current study contributes to fill the knowledge gap on the neurotoxicity of inorganic mercury (iHg) in fish through the implementation of a combined evaluation of brain morphometric alterations (volume and total number of neurons plus glial cells in specific regions of the brain) and swimming behavior (endpoints related with the motor activity and mood/anxiety-like status). White seabream (Diplodus sargus) was exposed to realistic levels of iHg in water (2μgL(-1)) during 7 (E7) and 14 days (E14). After that, fish were allowed to recover for 28 days (PE28) in order to evaluate brain regeneration and reversibility of behavioral syndromes. A significant reduction in the number of cells in hypothalamus, optic tectum and cerebellum was found at E7, accompanied by relevant changes on swimming behavior. Moreover, the decrease in the number of neurons and glia in the molecular layer of the cerebellum was followed by a contraction of its volume. This is the first time that a deficit on the number of cells is reported in fish brain after iHg exposure. Interestingly, a recovery of hypothalamus and cerebellum occurred at E14, as evidenced by the identical number of cells found in exposed and control fish, and volume of cerebellum, which might be associated with an adaptive phenomenon. After 28 days post-exposure, the optic tectum continued to show a decrease in the number of cells, pointing out a higher vulnerability of this region. These morphometric alterations coincided with numerous changes on swimming behavior, related both with fish motor function and mood/anxiety-like status. Overall, current data pointed out the iHg potential to induce brain morphometric alterations, emphasizing a long-lasting neurobehavioral hazard.

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Chronic exposure to low mercury chloride concentration induces object recognition and aversive memories deficits in rats

Cited by 22 publications

References 31 publications

Preventive Effect of CuCl₂on Behavioral Alterations and Mercury Accumulation in Central Nervous System Induced by HgCl₂in Newborn Rats

Preventive Effect of CuCl₂on Behavioral Alterations and Mercury Accumulation in Central Nervous System Induced by HgCl₂in Newborn Rats

60-Day Chronic Exposure to Low Concentrations of HgCl2 Impairs Sperm Quality: Hormonal Imbalance and Oxidative Stress as Potential Routes for Reproductive Dysfunction in Rats

Inorganic mercury accumulation in brain following waterborne exposure elicits a deficit on the number of brain cells and impairs swimming behavior in fish (white seabream—Diplodus sargus)

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Chronic exposure to low mercury chloride concentration induces object recognition and aversive memories deficits in rats

Cited by 22 publications

References 31 publications

Preventive Effect of CuCl2on Behavioral Alterations and Mercury Accumulation in Central Nervous System Induced by HgCl2in Newborn Rats

Preventive Effect of CuCl2on Behavioral Alterations and Mercury Accumulation in Central Nervous System Induced by HgCl2in Newborn Rats

60-Day Chronic Exposure to Low Concentrations of HgCl2 Impairs Sperm Quality: Hormonal Imbalance and Oxidative Stress as Potential Routes for Reproductive Dysfunction in Rats

Inorganic mercury accumulation in brain following waterborne exposure elicits a deficit on the number of brain cells and impairs swimming behavior in fish (white seabream—Diplodus sargus)

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Preventive Effect of CuCl₂on Behavioral Alterations and Mercury Accumulation in Central Nervous System Induced by HgCl₂in Newborn Rats

Preventive Effect of CuCl₂on Behavioral Alterations and Mercury Accumulation in Central Nervous System Induced by HgCl₂in Newborn Rats