Chronic effects of air pollution on lung function after lung transplantation in the Systems prediction of Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction (SysCLAD) study

Abstract

An irreversible loss in lung function limits the long-term success in lung transplantation. We evaluated the role of chronic exposure to ambient air pollution on lung function levels in lung transplant recipients (LTRs).The lung function of 520 LTRs from the Cohort in Lung Transplantation (COLT) study was measured every 6 months. The levels of air pollutants (nitrogen dioxide (NO), particulate matter with an aerodynamic cut-off diameter of x µm (PM) and ozone (O)) at the patients' home address were averaged in the 12 months before each spirometry test. The effects of air pollutants on forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV) and forced vital capacity (FVC) in % predicted were estimated using mixed linear regressions. We assessed the effect modification of macrolide antibiotics in this relationship.Increased 12-month levels of pollutants were associated with lower levels of FVC % pred (-2.56%, 95% CI -3.86--1.25 for 5 µg·m of PM; -0.75%, 95% CI -1.38--0.12 for 2 µg·m of PM and -2.58%, 95% CI -4.63--0.53 for 10 µg·m of NO). In patients not taking macrolides, the deleterious association between PM and FVC tended to be stronger and PM was associated with lower FEVOur study suggests a deleterious effect of chronic exposure to air pollutants on lung function levels in LTRs, which might be modified with macrolides.

Is atmospheric pollution exposure during pregnancy associated with individual and contextual characteristics? A nationwide study in France

“…Maternal exposure to outdoor ambient PM 2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 µm), PM 10 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <10 µm) and NO 2 was estimated by matching the maternal home addresses with a previously described dispersion model,25 which combines a fine spatial (1×1 km grid) and temporal (daily data) resolution (online supplementary figure A1) for metropolitan France (total area, 551 500 km 2 ). Data from the CHIMERE chemistry-transport model, a validated model in Europe,26 27 were combined by geostatistical kriging with measurements from the permanent network of air quality monitoring stations.…”

“…Data from the CHIMERE chemistry-transport model, a validated model in Europe,26 27 were combined by geostatistical kriging with measurements from the permanent network of air quality monitoring stations. The precision of kriging was evaluated on a daily basis through leave-one-out and k-fold cross-validation; annual performances criteria (bias, mean absolute normalised error, and so on) were computed 25. Daily exposure levels were averaged over the course of each pregnancy to estimate exposure during the whole pregnancy.…”

Rare respiratory diseases are ready for primetime: from Rare Disease Day to the European Reference Networks

“…ERN-LUNG is currently made up of 60 centres in 12 countries and is organised into nine core networks representing the diversity of diseases and conditions affecting the respiratory system (figure 2, table 2). The current core networks are interstitial lung diseases [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21], cystic fibrosis [22][23][24][25], pulmonary hypertension [26][27][28][29][30][31], primary ciliary dyskinesia [32][33][34][35][36][37], non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis [38][39][40], α 1 -antitrypsin deficiency [41], mesothelioma [42], chronic lung allograft dysfunction [43][44][45] and "other rare lung diseases" (e.g. pulmonary malformations, congenital central hypoventilation syndrome etc) [46][47][48][49].…”

Needs for Systems Approaches to Better Treat Individuals With Severe Asthma: Predicting Phenotypes and Responses to Treatments

“…Large databases already exist that are capable of assigning to each individual his or her cumulated exposure to various environmental pollutants. Longitudinal patient data can therefore be coupled to these databases and easily reveal relationships between lung function and pollutant exposure as an example (91). Asthma predisposition factors in early life (parental smoking, RSV and RV infection, asthma in relatives, early sensitization to aeroallergen, atopic dermatitis) are composed of inherited and environmental factors (92)(93)(94) where the later seems to play an important role via the hygiene hypothesis and more precisely via microbiota as showed by large epidemiological studies (5,95,96).…”