Chronic diarrhoea associated with <i>Tritrichomonas foetus</i> infection in a British cat

Mardell, E. J.; Sparkes, Andrew H

doi:10.1136/vr.158.22.765

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Although of similar in size (≈ 10–20 µm in length), trichomonad trophozoites differ morphologically from those of Giardia spp. by their spindle shape, rather than a pear shape, their three anterior and one posterior flagella, a distinct undulating membrane that runs the entire length of the body, and the lack of the two large nuclei that form the ‘eyes’ of the classic Giardia ‘clown face’ 2,13 . The motion of Trichomonas spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline diarrhoea associated withTritrichomonascf.foetusandGiardiaco‐infection in an Australian cattery

et al. 2008

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A 10-week-old female Ocicat was presented at a primary care feline veterinary practice for failure to thrive and diarrhoea. Numerous trophozoites, atypical for Giardia sp., were detected on a direct faecal examination, in addition to Giardia cysts. Although the failure to thrive and diarrhoea resolved following treatment for giardiasis, further diagnostic tests performed on faecal specimens from the kitten and 15 other Ocicats from the same cattery, including culture of trophozoites in In Pouch medium, PCR testing and molecular sequencing of PCR amplicons, confirmed infection with Tritrichomonas cf. foetus. This is the first report in Australia of feline trichomoniasis, which appears to be an emerging infectious disease of cats. Pertinent information regarding the clinical features, diagnosis, therapy, and potential source of feline trichomoniasis within Australia are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline diarrhoea associated withTritrichomonascf.foetusandGiardiaco‐infection in an Australian cattery

et al. 2008

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“…However, in the last decades, T. foetus has also been isolated from faeces of cats with severe chronic diarrhoea. Beginning in 1996, reports of large numbers of trichomonads in feline faeces have been reported in the literature (Payne and Artzer 2009); most reports have been from USA (Gookin et al 1999Levy et al 2003), UK (Mardell and Sparkes 2006), Switzerland (Frey et al 2009), Italy (Holliday et al 2009), Greece (Xenoulis et al 2010) and Australia (Bell et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

First description of naturally acquired Tritrichomonas foetus infection in a Persian cattery in Spain

et al. 2011

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Tritrichomonas foetus has been identified as the causative agent of feline intestinal trichomonosis, characterized by clinical signs of chronic large bowel diarrhoea. This disease has been reported in cats from the USA, Europe and Australia. However, its epidemiology is still unclear. The aim of the present study was to describe T. foetus infection in a Persian cattery in Spain. T. foetus infection was sequentially diagnosed in 20 cats by direct faecal smear examined under the microscope, specific culture (In Pouch TF medium) and PCR. A standard coprological sedimentation method was also performed in order to screen for other intestinal parasites in all the cats included. In addition, sera were tested for IgG antibodies against Leishmania infantum, Toxoplasma gondii, and for the detection of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukaemia virus (FeLV). Five out of 20 cats were positive for T. foetus (25%), two of them by microscopy, culture and PCR and three by culture and PCR. No association was found between T. foetus infection and age or sex. L. infantum and T. gondii seroprevalence rates were 15% and 10%, respectively. The prevalence of FeLV p27 antigen and of FIV antibodies in the study population was zero. Cystoisospora spp. oocysts were detected in one cat. These preliminary results show that the transmission of T. foetus infection in cluster conditions may occur between asymptomatic cats and young or immunocompromised animals.

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“…1,9,14,15 One-fifth of infected cats demonstrate systemic clinical signs, which include, anorexia, depression, vomiting and weight loss, and less commonly, vomiting and fever. 15–17 Clinical signs are reported to persist for 5–24 months, with a median of 9 months, from the time of diagnosis, but despite clinical remission >50% will have persistent trichomonosis and will frequently relapse with diarrhoea. 18 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichomonosis in cats with diarrhoea in Hong Kong, China, between 2009 and 2014

Köster

Chow²,

Yao

2015

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports

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Case series summaryInfection of the domestic cat by Tritrichomonas blagburni, previously referred to as T foetus, may lead to a disease called feline trichomonosis, which manifests clinically as large bowel diarrhoea. The disease has a wide geographical distribution, including numerous countries in Europe, North America and Australia/Oceania. Nevertheless, it has occasionally been reported in Asia, South Korea and Japan. A retrospective study was carried out to include all domestic cats with diarrhoea, presented to two veterinary clinics in Hong Kong, China, between 1 July 2009 and 30 June 2014. A total of 29 cats with diarrhoea were diagnosed with Tritrichomonas species infection by means of quantitative PCR and direct microscopy. Tritrichomonas species was more frequently found in young (median age 10 months), male (66%) and purebred cats (86%). Giardia species was found in 31% of Tritrichomonas species-positive cats. The recommended dose of ronidazole (30 mg/kg q24h for 14 days) resolved clinical signs in 83% of diagnosed cats.Relevance and novel informationThis case series describes Tritrichomonas species as a cause for feline chronic diarrhoea in cats in China. The high rate of failure (17%) in those cats receiving a standard regimen of ronidazole might be due to owner or patient compliance rather than protozoal resistance to the drug.

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Chronic diarrhoea associated with Tritrichomonas foetus infection in a British cat

Cited by 30 publications

References 3 publications

Feline diarrhoea associated withTritrichomonascf.foetusandGiardiaco‐infection in an Australian cattery

Feline diarrhoea associated withTritrichomonascf.foetusandGiardiaco‐infection in an Australian cattery

First description of naturally acquired Tritrichomonas foetus infection in a Persian cattery in Spain

Trichomonosis in cats with diarrhoea in Hong Kong, China, between 2009 and 2014

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