Chronic cocaine exposure in adolescence: Effects on spatial discrimination reversal, delay discounting, and performance on fixed-ratio schedules in mice

Pope, Derek A.; Boomhower, Steven R.; Hutsell, Blake A.; Teixeira, Kathryn M.; Newland, M. Christopher

doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2016.01.017

Cited by 24 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…During preliminary training, estimates of magnitude sensitivity were similar for all groups both before (range of s M : 0.28 – 0.39) and after (range of s M : 0.34 – 0.46) the larger reinforcer was switched to the opposite lever, suggesting there was no bias for responding on one lever over another. Magnitude-sensitivity estimates at the end of preliminary training also were similar across exposure groups (range of s M : .33 – .42), and these are similar to previous studies using C57Bl/6 mice (Pope et al, 2016, 2015). For reference, a magnitude sensitivity of 0.4 corresponds to 10 0.4 = 2.5 times as many responses on the preferred alternative.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Human and nonhuman adolescence are both marked by deficits in executive functioning and maladaptive decision making that may persist into adulthood after exposure to drugs or toxicants (Chambers & Potenza, 2003; Hefner & Holmes, 2007; Laviola, Macrì, Morley-Fletcher, & Adriani, 2003; Marco et al, 2011; Pope, Boomhower, Hutsell, Teixeira, & Newland, 2016). In rodent models, the adolescent period is considered to be wholly encompassed by the age range of postnatal day (PND) 21 through 59 (Laviola et al, 2003; Spear, 2007a; Tirelli, Laviola, & Adriani, 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Adolescent methylmercury exposure affects choice and delay discounting in mice

Boomhower

Newland

2016

NeuroToxicology

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The developing fetus is vulnerable to low-level exposure to methylmercury (MeHg), an environmental neurotoxicant, but the consequences of exposure during the adolescent period remain virtually unknown. The current experiments were designed to assess the effects of low-level MeHg exposure during adolescence on delay discounting, preference for small, immediate reinforcers over large, delayed ones, using a mouse model. Thirty-six male C57BL/6n mice were exposed to 0, 0.3, or 3.0 ppm mercury (as MeHg) via drinking water from postnatal day 21 through 59, encompassing the murine adolescent period. As adults, mice lever-pressed for a 0.01-cc droplet of milk solution delivered immediately or four 0.01-cc droplets delivered after a delay. Delays ranged from 1.26 to 70.79 seconds, all presented within a session. A model based on the Generalized Matching Law indicated that sensitivity to reinforcer magnitude was lower for MeHg-exposed mice relative to controls; responding in MeHg-exposed mice was relatively indifferent to the larger reinforcer. Sensitivity to reinforcer delay was reduced (delay discounting was decreased) in the 0.3-ppm group, but not in the 3.0-ppm group, compared to controls. Adolescence is a developmental period during which the brain and behavior may be vulnerable to MeHg exposure. As with gestational exposure, the effects are reflected in the impact of reinforcing stimuli.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

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confidence: 99%

Adolescent methylmercury exposure affects choice and delay discounting in mice

Boomhower

Newland

2016

NeuroToxicology

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“…The SDR procedure (Pope et al, 2016) proceeded in three phases: original discrimination (OD), first reversal (R1), and second reversal (R2). In the OD, sessions comprised 60 trials separated by a 10-sec ITI.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To assess reversal learning, we employed a spatial-discrimination-reversal (SDR) procedure (Pope et al, 2016) in which the spatial location of a lever (e.g., left or right) predicted reinforcement. Attentional-set shifting (i.e., an extradimensional shift) was assessed using a spatial-to-visual discrimination procedure (Paletz et al, 2007) in which the spatial location of a lever no longer predicted reinforcement and instead an illuminated stimulus light above a lever did.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of adolescent exposure to methylmercury and d-amphetamine on reversal learning and an extradimensional shift in male mice.

Boomhower¹,

Newland²

2017

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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Adolescence is associated with the continued maturation of dopamine neurotransmission and is implicated in the etiology of many psychiatric illnesses. Adolescent exposure to neurotoxicants that distort dopamine neurotransmission, such as methylmercury (MeHg), may modify the effects of chronic d-amphetamine (d-AMP) administration on reversal learning and attentional-set shifting. Male C57Bl/6n mice were randomly assigned to two MeHg-exposure groups (0 ppm and 3 ppm) and two d-AMP-exposure groups (saline and 1 mg/kg/day), producing four treatment groups (n = 10–12/group): Control, MeHg, d-AMP, and MeHg + d-AMP. MeHg exposure (via drinking water) spanned postnatal day 21–59 (the murine adolescent period), and once daily i.p. injections of d-AMP or saline spanned postnatal day 28–42. As adults, mice were trained on a spatial-discrimination-reversal (SDR) task in which the spatial location of a lever press predicted reinforcement. Following two SDRs, a visual-discrimination task (extradimensional shift) was instated in which the presence of a stimulus light above a lever predicted reinforcement. Responding was modeled using a logistic function, which estimated the rate (slope) of a behavioral transition and trials required to complete half a transition (half-max). MeHg, d-AMP, and MeHg + d-AMP exposure increased estimates of half-max on the second reversal. MeHg exposure increased half-max and decreased the slope term following the extradimensional shift, but these effects did not occur following MeHg + d-AMP exposure. MeHg + d-AMP exposure produced more perseverative errors and omissions following a reversal. Adolescent exposure to MeHg can modify the behavioral effects of chronic d-AMP administration.

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“…This last point is very important due raise rates of drug use in Mexican adolescents (Villatoro et al, 2017). And the fact that the drug use in adolescence affects executive functions in adulthood (Pope, Boomhower, Hutsell, Teixeira, & Newland, 2016). We need future research using the APSD test to verify the screening performance to make it a useful tool in schools and clinical centers.…”

Section: Quantity Of Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substance use and antisocial behavior: criterion-related validity of the Antisocial Process Screening Device in Mexican adolescents

et al. 2019

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Introduction. Adolescents who use drugs present several health problems, including criminal behavior. The Antisocial Process Screening Device (APSD) is a test that evaluates current conduct disorders in adolescents. Objective. This research carried out a cross-cultural adaptation of the APSD on Mexican population. Method. The original version of the APSD was translated into Mexican Spanish. The final version was administered to 1 070 adolescents (958 students, 72 with minor faults, and 40 with criminal behavior) who completed the APSD and the ENCODE, the National survey on drug use. We computed correlations and regression models between APSD and ENCODE. We carried out a multivariate analysis to compare samples and quantity of drugs. Finally, we fitted the two-and three-factor models of the APSD with a CFA. Results. The APSD scores correlated significantly with all of the ENCODE variables. In the multivariate analysis, the variable quantity of drugs was significant to rise the APSD score (F [3 847] = 7.53, p = .000). The CFA with three factors had the best fit. Reliability analysis suggests acceptable internal consistency (α = .79). Discussion and conclusion. Our results confirmed that the Mexican Spanish version of the APSD has good psychometric properties to be used in future research.

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Chronic cocaine exposure in adolescence: Effects on spatial discrimination reversal, delay discounting, and performance on fixed-ratio schedules in mice

Cited by 24 publications

References 48 publications

Adolescent methylmercury exposure affects choice and delay discounting in mice

Adolescent methylmercury exposure affects choice and delay discounting in mice

Effects of adolescent exposure to methylmercury and d-amphetamine on reversal learning and an extradimensional shift in male mice.

Substance use and antisocial behavior: criterion-related validity of the Antisocial Process Screening Device in Mexican adolescents

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