Chronic cellular hypoxia as the prime cause of cancer: What is the de-oxygenating role of adulterated and improper ratios of polyunsaturated fatty acids when incorporated into cell membranes?

Peskin, Brian Scott; Carter, Marissa J.

doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2007.05.033

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…As will be detailed later, nonfunctional LA-based trans fats, oxidized LA entities, and inappropriate omega-6/omega-3 ratios (caused in part from normally recommended, yet supraphysiologic, marine oil supplementation) are all potential sources of unsaturated fatty acids—in particular, LA (Parent omega-6)—that can disrupt the normal membrane structure, significantly increasing the potential for cancer [11]. All of the supraphysiologic, excess EPA/DHA cannot be beta-oxidized away.…”

Section: Fish Oil Impairs Normal Cellular Physiology: Pathophysiolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Fish Oil Fails: A Comprehensive 21st Century Lipids-Based Physiologic Analysis

Peskin¹

2014

Journal of Lipids

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The medical community suffered three significant fish oil failures/setbacks in 2013. Claims that fish oil's EPA/DHA would stop the progression of heart disease were crushed when The Risk and Prevention Study Collaborative Group (Italy) released a conclusive negative finding regarding fish oil for those patients with high risk factors but no previous myocardial infarction. Fish oil failed in all measures of CVD prevention—both primary and secondary. Another major 2013 setback occurred when fish oil's DHA was shown to significantly increase prostate cancer in men, in particular, high-grade prostate cancer, in the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT) analysis by Brasky et al. Another monumental failure occurred in 2013 whereby fish oil's EPA/DHA failed to improve macular degeneration. In 2010, fish oil's EPA/DHA failed to help Alzheimer's victims, even those with low DHA levels. These are by no means isolated failures. The promise of fish oil and its so-called active ingredients EPA / DHA fails time and time again in clinical trials. This lipids-based physiologic review will explain precisely why there should have never been expectation for success. This review will focus on underpublicized lipid science with a focus on physiology.

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Section: Fish Oil Impairs Normal Cellular Physiology: Pathophysiolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Fish Oil Fails: A Comprehensive 21st Century Lipids-Based Physiologic Analysis

Peskin¹

2014

Journal of Lipids

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“…Highly aggressive cancers often result from tumors that have undergone hypoxic stress 1,2 . This is induced by several factors including a reduction in O 2 content in the tumor microenvironment, or by factors associated with inflammation 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saccharin: A lead compound for structure-based drug design of carbonic anhydrase IX inhibitors

Mahon

Hendon

Driscoll

et al. 2015

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry

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Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is a key modulator of aggressive tumor behavior and a prognostic marker and target for several cancers. Saccharin (SAC) based compounds may provide an avenue to overcome CA isoform specificity, as they display both nanomolar affinity and preferential binding, for CA IX compared to CA II (>50-fold for SAC and >1000-fold when SAC is conjugated to a carbohydrate moiety). The X-ray crystal structures of SAC and a SAC-carbohydrate conjugate bound to a CA IX-mimic are presented and compared to CA II. The structures provide substantial new insight into the mechanism of SAC selective CA isoform inhibition.

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“…Each phospholipid contains a unique distribution of fatty acid molecular species in the sn -1 and sn -2 positions. Lipids of tumour mitochondria generally contain fatty acids with shorter chain lengths and less unsaturation than lipids of normal tissue mitochondria (Morton et al, 1976; Reitz et al, 1977; Hartz et al, 1982; Canuto et al, 1989; Peskin and Carter, 2008). These fatty acid changes alter mitochondrial membrane fluidity, which lowers bioenergetic efficiency (Ellis et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Growth Environment Produces Lipidomic and Electron Transport Chain Abnormalities in Mitochondria from Non-Tumorigenic Astrocytes and Brain Tumours

et al. 2009

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The mitochondrial lipidome influences ETC (electron transport chain) and cellular bioenergetic efficiency. Brain tumours are largely dependent on glycolysis for energy due to defects in mitochondria and oxidative phosphorylation. In the present study, we used shotgun lipidomics to compare the lipidome in highly purified mitochondria isolated from normal brain, from brain tumour tissue, from cultured tumour cells and from non-tumorigenic astrocytes. The tumours included the CT-2A astrocytoma and an EPEN (ependymoblastoma), both syngeneic with the C57BL/6J (B6) mouse strain. The mitochondrial lipidome in cultured CT-2A and EPEN tumour cells were compared with those in cultured astrocytes and in solid tumours grown in vivo. Major differences were found between normal tissue and tumour tissue and between in vivo and in vitro growth environments for the content or composition of ethanolamine glycerophospholipids, phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin. The mitochondrial lipid abnormalities in solid tumours and in cultured cells were associated with reductions in multiple ETC activities, especially Complex I. The in vitro growth environment produced lipid and ETC abnormalities in cultured non-tumorigenic astrocytes that were similar to those associated with tumorigenicity. It appears that the culture environment obscures the boundaries of the Crabtree and the Warburg effects. These results indicate that in vitro growth environments can produce abnormalities in mitochondrial lipids and ETC activities, thus contributing to a dependency on glycolysis for ATP production.

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Chronic cellular hypoxia as the prime cause of cancer: What is the de-oxygenating role of adulterated and improper ratios of polyunsaturated fatty acids when incorporated into cell membranes?

Cited by 18 publications

References 47 publications

Why Fish Oil Fails: A Comprehensive 21st Century Lipids-Based Physiologic Analysis

Why Fish Oil Fails: A Comprehensive 21st Century Lipids-Based Physiologic Analysis

Saccharin: A lead compound for structure-based drug design of carbonic anhydrase IX inhibitors

In Vitro Growth Environment Produces Lipidomic and Electron Transport Chain Abnormalities in Mitochondria from Non-Tumorigenic Astrocytes and Brain Tumours

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