Chronic aerobic exercise: Autoradiographic assessment of GABA(a) and mu-opioid receptor binding in adult rats

Rahman, Nabeel; Mihalkovic, Abrianna; Geary, Olivia; Haffey, Rylee; Hamilton, John; Thanos, Panayotis K.

doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2020.172980

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Rats were allowed one week to habituate to their environment. A customized treadmill, divided into six Plexiglas running lanes and enclosed by a piece of sheet metal, was used for exercise running, as previously described [ 21 , 23 , 27 ]. All exercise subjects (n = 6) received the same exercise regimen.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exercised rats maintained this exercise regimen, five days per week, for six weeks. The total distance ran after the six-week regimen was approximately 16.5 km [ 21 ]. Sedentary rats (n = 7) stayed in their home cages and received no treadmill exercise [ 21 , 26 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lastly, previous research has shown aerobic exercise to be an effective supplement to medications for patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with post-exercise changes observable in both the frontal and temporal cortical regions [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. In addition, aerobic exercise has shown great promise, as both the prevention and treatment of drug abuse [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brain Mapping the Effects of Chronic Aerobic Exercise in the Rat Brain Using FDG PET

Hanna

Hamilton

Arnavut

et al. 2022

JPM

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Exercise is a key component to health and wellness and is thought to play an important role in brain activity. Changes in brain activity after exercise have been observed through various neuroimaging techniques, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET). The precise impact of exercise on brain glucose metabolism (BGluM) is still unclear; however, results from PET studies seem to indicate an increase in regional metabolism in areas related to cognition and memory, direction, drive, motor functions, perception, and somatosensory areas in humans. Using PET and the glucose analog [18F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG), we assessed the changes in BGluM between sedentary and chronic exercise in rats. Chronic treadmill exercise treatment demonstrated a significant increase in BGluM activity in the following brain regions: the caudate putamen (striatum), external capsule, internal capsule, deep cerebellar white matter, primary auditory cortex, forceps major of the corpus callosum, postsubiculum, subiculum transition area, and the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus. These brain regions are functionally associated with auditory processing, memory, motor function, and motivated behavior. Therefore, chronic daily treadmill running in rats stimulates BGluM in distinct brain regions. This identified functional circuit provides a map of brain regions for future molecular assessment which will help us understand the biomarkers involved in specific brain regions following exercise training, as this is critical in exploring the therapeutic potential of exercise in the treatment of neurodegenerative disease, traumatic brain injury, and addiction.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brain Mapping the Effects of Chronic Aerobic Exercise in the Rat Brain Using FDG PET

Hanna

Hamilton

Arnavut

et al. 2022

JPM

Self Cite

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“…While it is true that the major body of the RDS concept resides in many publications on the subject from our laboratory, there is an emerging increase in independent citations that embrace this novel construct. A brief sampling of this global cited work, while mostly favorable, can be assessed by reviewing specific references [ 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 ,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothesizing in the Face of the Opioid Crisis Coupling Genetic Addiction Risk Severity (GARS) Testing with Electrotherapeutic Nonopioid Modalities Such as H-Wave Could Attenuate Both Pain and Hedonic Addictive Behaviors

Gupta

Bowirrat

Gomez

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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In the United States, amid the opioid overdose epidemic, nonaddicting/nonpharmacological proven strategies are available to treat pain and manage chronic pain effectively without opioids. Evidence supporting the long-term use of opioids for pain is lacking, as is the will to alter the drug-embracing culture in American chronic pain management. Some pain clinicians seem to prefer classical analgesic agents that promote unwanted tolerance to analgesics and subsequent biological induction of the “addictive brain”. Reward genes play a vital part in modulation of nociception and adaptations in the dopaminergic circuitry. They may affect various sensory and affective components of the chronic pain syndromes. The Genetic Addiction Risk Severity (GARS) test coupled with the H-Wave at entry in pain clinics could attenuate pain and help prevent addiction. The GARS test results identify high-risk for both drug and alcohol, and H-Wave can be initiated to treat pain instead of opioids. The utilization of H-Wave to aid in pain reduction and mitigation of hedonic addictive behaviors is recommended, notwithstanding required randomized control studies. This frontline approach would reduce the possibility of long-term neurobiological deficits and fatalities associated with potent opioid analgesics.

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“…It has been declared that 6 weeks of exercise (5 days per week, 10 min/ m) did not influence MOR binding in the NAc. 44 Here, it was found that the level of MOR was decreased in the MEO groups but did not change in the control group. Since mild physical exercise was utilized, thus it did not influence MOR levels in the control group.…”

Section: The Role Of Mor In the Alteration Of Morphine Reinforcing Ef...mentioning

confidence: 68%

Exercise can restore behavioural and molecular changes of intergenerational morphine effects

et al. 2021

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In our previous studies, the offspring of morphine-exposed parents (MEO) showed pharmacological tolerance to the morphine's reinforcing effect. According to the role of exercise in treatment of morphine addiction, the current study was designed to utilize exercise to improve the effect of parental morphine exposure on the morphine's reinforcing effect. Male and female rats received morphine for 10 days and were drug-free for another 10 days. Each morphine-exposed animal was allowed to mate either with a drug-naïve or a morphine-exposed rat. The offspring were divided into two groups:(1) offspring that were subjected to treadmill exercise and (2) offspring that were not subjected to exercise. The reinforcing effect of morphine was evaluated using conditioned place preference (CPP) and two-bottle choice (TBC) tests. Levels of dopamine receptors (D1DR and D2DR), μ-opioid receptor (MOR), and ΔFosB were evaluated in the nucleus accumbens. The MEO obtained lower preference scores in CPP and consumed morphine more than the control group in TBC. After 3 weeks of exercise, the reinforcing effect of morphine in the MEO was similar to the control. D1DR, D2DR, and MOR were increased in MEO compared with the controls before exercise. Levels of D1DR and MOR were decreased after exercise in the MEO; however, D1DR was increased in control. D2DR level did not change after exercise in MEO, but it increased in control group. Moreover, the level of ΔFosB was decreased among MEO while it was increased after exercise. In conclusion, exercise might modulate the reinforcing effect of morphine via alteration in levels of D1DR, MOR, and ΔFosB.

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Chronic aerobic exercise: Autoradiographic assessment of GABA(a) and mu-opioid receptor binding in adult rats

Cited by 17 publications

References 50 publications

Brain Mapping the Effects of Chronic Aerobic Exercise in the Rat Brain Using FDG PET

Brain Mapping the Effects of Chronic Aerobic Exercise in the Rat Brain Using FDG PET

Hypothesizing in the Face of the Opioid Crisis Coupling Genetic Addiction Risk Severity (GARS) Testing with Electrotherapeutic Nonopioid Modalities Such as H-Wave Could Attenuate Both Pain and Hedonic Addictive Behaviors

Exercise can restore behavioural and molecular changes of intergenerational morphine effects

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