Chromosome orientation and sterility in gamma-ray induced interchanges in chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.).

Kumar, O. Aniel; Panda, Rames C.; Rao, K. G. Raja

doi:10.1508/cytologia.51.717

Cited by 5 publications

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“…Mutagen treated chromosome abnormalities viz. quadrivalent and higher multivalent associations including rings and chains of chromosome have been reported earlier by Bansal and Dalmirsingh (1972), Lakshmi and Bapa Rao (1978), Kumar et al (1986), Meshram et al (1992). Bansal and Dalmirsingh (1972) recorded a maximum of two interchanges in a mutant M2 generation, which was vigorous with high pollen fertility (70%), while Lakshmi and Bapa Rao (1978) reported one interchange in the M1 progeny and the plants were healthy with low pollen fertility (83%).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Bansal and Dalmirsingh (1972) recorded a maximum of two interchanges in a mutant M2 generation, which was vigorous with high pollen fertility (70%), while Lakshmi and Bapa Rao (1978) reported one interchange in the M1 progeny and the plants were healthy with low pollen fertility (83%). However, Kumar et al (1986) encountered association of four chromosomes and univalents along with bivalents in the treated PMC's of chilli pepper, which was relatively weak. Trivalent configuration such as pan, chain, and Y shaped were reported by Meshram et al (1992) in mutagen treated Capsicum annuum L. The complex multivalent associations might have occurred due to several breakage and reunions and the clumped unusual meiotic configuration were perhaps due to stickiness induced by the irradiation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Further, the cytological abnormalities during meiosis has also been regarded as one of the dependable parameters for estimating mutagenic sensitivity of a species. Though considerable work has been done on induced mutation studies in red pepper (Bansal and Dalmirsingh (1972), Han (1974), Auni et al (1978), Lakshmi and Bapa Rao (1978), Kumar et al (1986), Meshram et al (1992)), there was no current report available on physical and chemical mutagen effect on meiosis in the existing promising varieties of Capsicum annuum L. Hence, the present study is undertaken to assess the meiotic consequences of chromosomal aberrations induced by separate and combined application of gamma rays and EMS. …”

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confidence: 99%

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Cytogenetic Effects of Gamma Rays and Ethyl Methane Sulphonate in Chilli Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.).

Dhamayanthi

Reddy

2000

cytologia

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Summary Seeds of Capsicum annuum L. var. G-4 Bhagyalakshmi were subjected to 15, 25, 35 kR doses of gamma ray, and 0.8% and 1% ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS). Effects of mutagenic treatments of meiosis viz. chromosomal anamolies, pollen sterility, seed sterility and survival percentage in M2 generation have been reported. EMS was found more effective in inducing meiotic irregularities than gamma ray treatment. A dose dependent increase in meiotic anomalies was obtained with all the mutagenic treatments.Mutations can be beneficially utilized for tailoring better varieties of crop plants. But in general, ionizing radiations and chemical mutagens like ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) effects a wide range of chromosomal alterations resulting in to abnormal behaviour during meiosis, leading to various degree of sterility. Further, the cytological abnormalities during meiosis has also been regarded as one of the dependable parameters for estimating mutagenic sensitivity of a species. Though considerable work has been done on induced mutation studies in red pepper (Bansal and Dalmirsingh (1972), Han (1974), Auni et al. (1978), Lakshmi and Bapa Rao (1978), Kumar et al. (1986), Meshram et al. (1992)), there was no current report available on physical and chemical mutagen effect on meiosis in the existing promising varieties of Capsicum annuum L. Hence, the present study is undertaken to assess the meiotic consequences of chromosomal aberrations induced by separate and combined application of gamma rays and EMS. Materials and methodsDry seeds of Indian popular chilli variety G-4-Bhagyalakshmi were subjected to mutagenic treatment with gamma rays and ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS). Seeds were irradiated with 15, 25, 35 kR doses of gamma rays from 6°Co source. A second set of seeds were soaked in 0.8% and 1.0% solution of EMS for 12 h at 23 -± 1°C. Another set of seeds were also subjected to combined doses of gamma rays and EMS in the following combinations; i) 15 kR+ 0.8% EMS ii) 15 kR+ 1% EMS iii) 25 kR+ 0.8% EMS iv) 25 kR+ 1% EMS v) 35 kR+ 0.8% EMS iv) 35 kR+ 1% EMS The control seeds were soaked in distilled water for 24 h at room temperature. After treatments seeds were throughly washed and sown in the nursery beds along with control seeds. Forty-five old day seedlings were transplanted in the field. For meiotic studies, young flower buds were fixed in Carnoy's fluid (6 : 3 : 1) for 24 h and then transferred to 70% ethyl alcohol. Squash preparations were made with 2% acetocarmine. Results and discussionsThe pollen mother cells (PMC's) of control plant showed regular 12 bivalent uniformly at

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytogenetic Effects of Gamma Rays and Ethyl Methane Sulphonate in Chilli Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.).

Dhamayanthi

Reddy

2000

cytologia

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“…quadrivalents and higher multivalent associations including rings and chains have reported earlier by Kumar et al (1986), Meshram et al (1992). The occurrence of multivalents indicate that probably the gamma rays produced many breaks in the chromosomes that might had lead to reciprocal translocations, resulting in multivalent formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Anomalous Nucleolar and Chromosomal Organization in Induced Phenodeviants of Grasspea

Kumar

Tripathi

2007

CYTOLOGIA

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Summary Three distinct variants differing for their phenotypic appearance and floral characters were identified and isolated in M 1 generation of 200 Gy gamma irradiated set in Lathyrus sativus. They were subjected to meiotic analysis to understand their genotypic sensitivity to induced cytological changes. One interesting abnormality encountered during the present study was nucleolar dysfunctioning in the treated plants. Despite of chromosomal abnormalities like laggards, stickiness, micronuclei, etc. chiasma frequency was found to increase in the 3 plants isolated at 200 Gy dose of gamma rays. Pollen fertility was also moderately affected.

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“…These did not survive beyond two sets of true leaves. Albina mutants have been described as entirely lethal in other species, such as Cajanus cajan (Etther et al 2019), Capsicum annum (Kumar et al 2000), and Vigna umbellata (Patial et al 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutation Breeding of Salvia coccinea with Ethyl Methanesulfonate

Maynard

Ruter

2023

horts

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Salvia coccinea is a valuable flowering annual that attracts hummingbirds and bees to the garden, but few cultivars are commercially available. There is a limited range of petal colors and no leaf variegation. This research aimed to improve the ornamental value of S. coccinea by inducing mutations with ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). The standard, red-flowered species was selected for treatment by exposing seeds to 0%, 0.4%, 0.8%, or 1.2% EMS for 8, 12, or 24 hours. The optimal treatment rate was determined to be 1.2% EMS for 8 hours, which generated desirable mutations near the median lethal dose (LD50). The M1 population had a 53% germination rate and was completely morphologically uniform. By the M2, mutations included differences in leaf shape and flower size in addition to albina, chlorina, virescens, and chimeral chlorophyll changes. A 1% mutation rate was achieved in this breeding program with seven unstable mutations and six stable mutations. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values were measured to determine differences in chlorophyll content between lethal albina mutations, chartreuse chlorina and virescens mutations, and typical leaf color. Future work will investigate the stability and heritability of chlorophyll variegation by hybridizing these selections with coral-flowered accessions of S. coccinea.

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Chromosome orientation and sterility in gamma-ray induced interchanges in chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.).

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Cytogenetic Effects of Gamma Rays and Ethyl Methane Sulphonate in Chilli Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.).

Cytogenetic Effects of Gamma Rays and Ethyl Methane Sulphonate in Chilli Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.).

Anomalous Nucleolar and Chromosomal Organization in Induced Phenodeviants of Grasspea

Mutation Breeding of Salvia coccinea with Ethyl Methanesulfonate

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