Chromosome constitution and its bearing on the chromosomal radiosensitivity in man

Chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges in Swedish paint industry workers.

“…Seabright (27) in an investigation on the effect of X rays on chromosome exchanges in individuals with abnormal sex chromosome complements, found no consistent difference between abnormal and normal karyotypes with respect to the mean number of breaks per cell. Sasaki et al (25), on the other hand, obtained an increased frequency of exchanges in the trisomic, but not in the normal cells, of a mosaic patient with 46 XY/47 XYY after irradiation with 160 R X rays in vitro.…”

In Vitro Chromosomal Radiosensitivity in Patients and in Carriers with Abnormal non-Down's Syndrome Karyotypes

“…These results cannot always be compared directly with those reported by Dekaban et al [6], Chudina [3], Abnormal karyotypes and chromosomal radiosensitivity 519 Sasaki and Tonomura [16], and Sasaki et al [17] because most of those studies were limited to cultured lymphocytes from patients with Down's syndrome. Chudina reported on lymphocytes irradiated within 4 hr of the termination of the culture, when chromatid breaks are the main aberrations.…”

“…Sasaki and Tonomura measured chromosomal damage in metaphases in the first postirradiation division from lymphocyte cultures of patients with Down's syndrome irradiated at various doses. Sasaki et al [17] examined chromosomal radiosensitivity of blood samples obtained from patients with various types of chromosomal abnormalities besides Down's syndrome. They reported that the chromosomal radiosensitivity was consistently higher in cultured lymphocytes that were trisomic for the whole or a part of a chromosome than in cultured lymphocytes with normal karyotype, but that it was not significantly influenced by the monosomic conditions and reciprocal translocation.…”

Clonal origin of Ph1-positive cells in a case of 46,XX/47,XXX/48,XXXX mosaicism associated with chronic myelocytic leukemia.

“…It has been reported that individuals with certain constitutional chromosome abnormalities, such as Down syndrome, are associated with a high risk of malignant diseases including leukemia (Sandberg 1980), and that somatic cells of such patients are hypersensitive in terms of the yield of chromosome aberrations or sister chromatid exchanges induced by radiation (Sasaki et al 1970;Higurashi and Conen 1972;Countryman et al 1977;Crossen and Morgan 1980;Preston 1981), viruses (Higurashi et a1.1973), andchemicals (O'Brien et al 1971;Kaina et al 1977;Sugimoto et al 1982). Although the unique occurrence of Ph1 in the XXX cells of our patient might be related to a certain genetic predisposition of such aneuploid cells, Ph1-positive leukemic cells in other cases of sex-chromosome mosaic have been reported to occur in chromosomally normal as well as abnormal cells, irrespective of the proportion of cell lines involved in a given mosaicism as mentioned before.…”