Chromium content in different kinds of Spanish infant formulae and estimation of dietary intake by infants fed on reconstituted powder formulae

Sola-Larrañaga, Cristina; Navarro-Blasco, Í.

doi:10.1080/02652030600812956

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The total Cr content in 36 different types of three commercial brands of breakfast cereals, accounting for 85 % of the Spanish market, ranged from 0.09 to 0.55 mg/kg (mean content of 0.23 mg/kg) (Mateos et al, 2003). Eleven different types of infant formulae (cow's milk and soy protein based, number of samples, n = 104) marketed in Spain were also analysed for total Cr content (Sola-Larranaga and Navarro-Blasco, 2006). The results are expressed as µg/L according to the manufacturer's dilution instructions.…”

Section: Total Chromium In Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the risks to public health related to the presence of chromium in food and drinking water

2014

EFS2

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EFSA received a request from the Hellenic Food Authority for a scientific opinion on estimation of the risk to human health from the presence of chromium (Cr) in food, particularly in vegetables, and Cr(VI) in bottled water. The CONTAM Panel derived a TDI of 0.3 mg/kg b.w. per day for Cr(III) from the lowest NOAEL identified in an NTP chronic oral toxicity study in rats. Under the assumption that all chromium in food is Cr(III), the mean and 95th percentile dietary exposure across all age groups were well below the TDI and therefore does not raise concerns for public health. In the case of drinking water, the Panel considered all chromium in water as Cr(VI). For non‐neoplastic effects the lowest BMDL10 for diffuse epithelial hyperplasia of duodenum in female mice and the lowest BMDL05 for haematotoxicity in male rats in a 2‐year NTP study were selected as reference points. The MOEs indicate that for non‐neoplastic effects the current exposure levels to Cr(VI) via drinking water are of no concern for public health. For neoplastic effects, the CONTAM Panel selected a lowest BMDL10 for combined adenomas and carcinomas of the mouse small intestine as the reference point. Overall, the calculated MOEs indicate low concern regarding Cr(VI) intake via drinking water (water intended for human consumption and natural mineral waters) for all age groups when considering the mean chronic exposure values with the exception of infants at the upper bound (UB) exposure estimates. MOEs below 10 000 were calculated at the UB 95th percentile exposure estimates, particularly for ‘Infants’, ‘Toddlers’ and ‘Other children’, which were highly influenced by the relatively high occurrence values under the UB assumption. To improve the risk assessment, there is a need for data on the content of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in food and drinking water.

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Section: Total Chromium In Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the risks to public health related to the presence of chromium in food and drinking water

2014

EFS2

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“…The properties of these species are different [12]. Trivalent chromium, the main chemical form found in foods, is essential for maintaining normal glucose metabolism [13]. Cr(VI) oxidation state is detrimental to health as it may be involved in the pathogenesis of some diseases like liver, kidney, lung and gastrointestinal cancers [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes for speciation of chromium in environmental samples

Tüzen

Soylak

2007

Journal of Hazardous Materials

320

121

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“…The results obtained (Table 1) are in agreement with the scientific literature for Chromium and Manganese determination using GF AAS. Pyrolysis and atomization temperature for the determination of Chromium in multivitamin supplement samples, food samples of plant origin, and infant formula samples were employed in the range of 1100ºC to 1400ºC and from 2300ºC to 2550ºC, respectively [3,27,28]. On the other hand, Manganese was determined employing 1200 and 2000ºC for pyrolysis and atomization temperature of multivitamin supplement samples [3].…”

Section: R E S U L T S a N D Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Chromium and Manganese levels in sports supplements using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

et al. 2020

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Objective In this paper, we studied three different types of ordinary sports supplements containing whey protein: whey protein-based ones, hypercaloric ones, and protein bars. Methods A sample preparation procedure was studied employing microwave-assisted wet digestion in order to determine the Chromium and Manganese levels by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Results The developed methods have presented good accuracy (recoveries in the range of 90% to 109%) and precision (Relative standard deviation <8%). Although an adequate detectability was obtained (50ng g-1 for Manganese and 65ng g-1 for Chromium), the sample preparation method was also adequate to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis. The method was applied to 26 commercial samples, in which the Chromium concentrations were in the range between 0.22 and 1.0μg g-1 and the Manganese concentrations varied from 2.0 to 37μg g-1. Conclusion The results obtained by atomic absorption for both analytes were in agreement with those obtained by mass spectrometry. In addition, some samples presented concentrations of Chromium above the recommended daily intake and, as a result, we used the X-ray powder diffraction technique as an analytical tool to evaluate the oxidation state of Chromium in such samples.

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Chromium content in different kinds of Spanish infant formulae and estimation of dietary intake by infants fed on reconstituted powder formulae

Cited by 11 publications

References 29 publications

Scientific Opinion on the risks to public health related to the presence of chromium in food and drinking water

Scientific Opinion on the risks to public health related to the presence of chromium in food and drinking water

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes for speciation of chromium in environmental samples

Evaluation of Chromium and Manganese levels in sports supplements using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

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