Chromium and Cholesterol-Induced Atherosclerosis in Rabbits

Abraham, Abraham S.; Brooks, Baruch; Eylath, Uri

doi:10.1159/000177646

Cited by 39 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(20 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The difference in the interpretation of the cholesterol results between Tables 3 and 5 is ascribable to the fact that the ANOVA procedure was more stringent than the t test because it analyzed the data from all three groups at once. The action of chromium in reducing the serum cholesterol concentration agrees with previous experiences [15,16] in rabbits.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Later, using rats [15], resorption of aortic atheromatous lesions was demonstrated. The injection of chromium (III) chloride into rabbits that had consumed a cholesterol-fortified diet [16] was observed to cause a marked reduction in (a) the percentage of the aortic intima that was covered by atheromatous plaques and (b) the cholesterol content of the aortic tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Chromium Chloride Administration Causes a Substantial Reduction of Coronary Lipid Deposits, Aortic Lipid Deposits, and Serum Cholesterol Concentration in Rabbits

Evans

Tariq

Dafterdar

et al. 2009

Biol Trace Elem Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This experiment was carried out to test the null hypothesis that intramuscular trivalent chromium administration would not remove lipids from the heart and ascending aorta of the hyoercholesterolemic rabbits and would not lower their serum cholesterol levels. A novel computer-based method, previously described, was used to assess the sizes of the intracardiac and aortic lesions. Clinical chemistry and histopathology were performed through routine methods. The sizes of the lipid deposits in the coronary vasculature of the hypercholesterolemic rabbits were greatly reduced as a result of the intramuscular chromium chloride injections. Lipid deposits in the ascending aorta were similarly reduced, as well as the serum cholesterol concentrations. The terminal serum chromium concentrations in the chromium-treated group were in the range of 3,258-4,513 microg/L, whereas, in the untreated animals, the concentrations were 3.2 to 6.3 microg/L. The general condition of the chromium-treated animals was good and they were continuing to gain weight up to the time they were killed. However, it was found that their liver function tests had become abnormal even though there was no evidence of hepatic histopathological lesions specifically affecting the chromium-treated group. The kidney function tests and histopathology were normal. These findings suggest that a more aggressive approach than those tried hitherto might be useful in treating atherosclerotic human patients with chromium.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromium Chloride Administration Causes a Substantial Reduction of Coronary Lipid Deposits, Aortic Lipid Deposits, and Serum Cholesterol Concentration in Rabbits

Evans

Tariq

Dafterdar

et al. 2009

Biol Trace Elem Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Our study shows that, compared with chromium picolinate, chromium niacinate was more effective at lowering triglycerides, total cholesterol, and ratio of total to HDL cholesterol. An effect of supplementation of chromium chloride or chromium picolinate on lowering of blood cholesterol and triglycerides has been reported in previous studies (14,(16)(17)(18)(19)21). The present finding that Cr 3+ -N decreases ratio of total to HDL-cholestrol in STZ-treated diabetic rats is consistent with a previous study in obese type 2 diabetic mice (34), which suggests that Cr 3+ -N supplementation can increase good cholesterol in diabetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Effect of chromium niacinate and chromium picolinate supplementation on lipid peroxidation, TNF-α, IL-6, CRP, glycated hemoglobin, triglycerides, and cholesterol levels in blood of streptozotocin-treated diabetic rats

Jain

Rains

Croad

2007

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

148

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYChromium (Cr 3+ ) supplementation facilitate normal protein, fat and carbohydrate metabolism, and is widely used by public in many countries. This study examined the effect of chromium niacinate (Cr-N) or chromium picolinate (Cr-P) supplementation on lipid peroxidation (LP), TNF-α, IL-6, CRP, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1 ), cholesterol and triglycerides (TG) in diabetic rats. Diabetes (D) was induced in Sprague Dawley rats by streptozotocin (STZ) (ip, 65 mg/kg BW). Control buffer, Cr-N or Cr-P (400 µg Cr/Kg BW) was administered by gavages daily for 7 wks. Blood was collected by heart puncture using light anesthesia. Diabetes caused a significant increase in blood levels of TNF-α, IL-6, glucose, HbA 1 , cholesterol, TG and LP. Compared with D, Cr-N supplementation lowered the blood levels of TNF-α (p=0.04), IL-6 (p=0.02), CRP (p=0.02) LP (p=0.01), HbA 1 (p=0.02), TG (p=0.04) and cholesterol (p=0.04). Compared with D, Cr-P supplementation showed a decrease in TNF-α (p=0.02), IL-6 (p=0.02) and LP (p=0.01). Chromium niacinate lowers blood levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, CRP), oxidative stress and lipids levels in diabetic rats, and appears to be more effective form of Cr 3+ -supplementation. This study suggests that Cr 3+ -supplementation can lower risk of vascular inflammation in diabetes.

show abstract

“…When patients receiving total parenteral therapy were supplemented with chromium, their diabetes symptoms reversed and they required smaller doses of exogenous insulin (20). In atherosclerotic rabbits, an injection of chromium chloride results in a marked reduction in the plaques covering the aortic intimal surface, in aortic weight, and in cholesterol content (21). In the last decade, numerous supplementation studies in humans have examined the role of chromium in glucose intolerance, lipid levels, and type 2 diabetes.…”

Section: Pooled Analyses Of Incident and Prevalent Cvd Cases Among DImentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower Toenail Chromium in Men With Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Compared With Healthy Men

Rajpathak

Rimm

Li³

et al. 2004

Diabetes Care

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE -Chromium may improve insulin sensitivity, which can modify the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, we evaluated the association between toenail chromium and CVD in diabetic men.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -We performed cross-sectional and nested case-control analyses among men aged 40 -75 years within the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. The cross-sectional analysis compared men with diabetes only (n ϭ 688), diabetes with prevalent CVD (n ϭ 198), and healthy control subjects (n ϭ 361). The nested case-control study included 202 men with baseline diabetes who developed incident CVD and 361 matched control subjects.RESULTS -Mean toenail chromium (g/g) was 0.71 in healthy control subjects, 0.61 in diabetes-only subjects, and 0.52 in diabetic subjects with prevalent CVD (P for trend ϭ 0.003). In the cross-sectional analysis, the multivariate odds ratio (OR) between extreme quartiles was 0.74 (95% CI 0.49 -1.11; P for trend ϭ 0.18), comparing diabetes only with healthy control subjects. A similar comparison between diabetic subjects with prevalent CVD and healthy control subjects yielded an OR of 0.45 (0.24 -0.84; P for trend ϭ 0.003). In the nested casecontrol study, comparing diabetic men with incident CVD with healthy control subjects, the multivariate OR was 0.65 (0.36 -1.17; P for trend ϭ 0.16) between extreme quartiles. When we combined prevalent and incident CVD cases among diabetic men and compared them with healthy control subjects, the OR was 0.62 (0.39 -1.01; P for trend ϭ 0.02) between extreme quartiles. CONCLUSIONS -Our results suggest that diabetic men with CVD have lower toenail chromium than healthy control subjects. However, this study could not distinguish between the effects of chromium on diabetes and those on CVD. Long-term clinical trials are needed to determine whether chromium supplementation is beneficial for preventing CVD among diabetic patients.

show abstract

Chromium and Cholesterol-Induced Atherosclerosis in Rabbits

Cited by 39 publications

References 16 publications

Chromium Chloride Administration Causes a Substantial Reduction of Coronary Lipid Deposits, Aortic Lipid Deposits, and Serum Cholesterol Concentration in Rabbits

Chromium Chloride Administration Causes a Substantial Reduction of Coronary Lipid Deposits, Aortic Lipid Deposits, and Serum Cholesterol Concentration in Rabbits

Effect of chromium niacinate and chromium picolinate supplementation on lipid peroxidation, TNF-α, IL-6, CRP, glycated hemoglobin, triglycerides, and cholesterol levels in blood of streptozotocin-treated diabetic rats

Lower Toenail Chromium in Men With Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Compared With Healthy Men

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About