Lower Toenail Chromium in Men With Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Compared With Healthy Men

Rajpathak, Swapnil; Rimm, Eric B.; Li, Tricia; Morris, J. Steven; Stampfer, Meir J.; Willett, Walter C.; Hu, Frank B.

doi:10.2337/diacare.27.9.2211

Cited by 94 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(16 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Results from some trials [54] have indicated that Cr supplementation increases muscle gain and fat loss associated with exercise and improvesglucose metabolism and the serum lipid profile in patients with or without diabetes. Most of the patients under study have cardiac problems, which is consistent with other studies,who reported that low Cr concentrations and the associated impairments in insulin, glucose and lipid metabolism resulting in increased cardiovascular risk [55,56]. Insulinresistant diabetic patients responded well to oral doses of Mn [57].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Interaction between essential trace and toxic elements in the scalp hair samples of smokers and alcohol user diabetics

Afridi

Kazi

Brabazon

et al. 2012

Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the present study, trace and toxic elements were determined in the Scalp Hair (SH) samples of patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM) who were smokers and habitual alcohol drinkers living in Dublin, Ireland. The concentrations of elements were measured by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrophotometer after microwave-assisted acid digestion. The validity and accuracy of the methodology was checked using Certified Reference Material (CRM) (NCS ZC 81002b) and by the conventional wet acid digestion method on the same CRM. The results of this study showed that the mean values of cadmium, copper, iron, nickel and lead were significantly higher (P<0.001), in scalp hair samples of diabetic patients as compared to referents of both gender. While the smokers and alcohol drinker referents and DM patients have two to three time higher values of these elements than those subjects who were not smokers and teetotallers. The concentrations of zinc, chromium and manganese were lower in the scalp hair samples of diabetic patients as compared to referents. The deficiency of zinc, chromium and manganese, while the high exposure of cadmium, lead and nickel, as a result of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption, may be synergistic with risk factors associated with diabetes.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Interaction between essential trace and toxic elements in the scalp hair samples of smokers and alcohol user diabetics

Afridi

Kazi

Brabazon

et al. 2012

Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Epidemiological studies suggest an inverse association between chromium levels in toenails and the risk of myocardial infarction in the general population (45). The Health Professionals Follow-up Study has found lower levels of toenail chromium among men with diabetes and CVD compared with those of healthy control subjects (46). Concentrations of chromium in the blood, lenses and toenails are lower in diabetes compared with those of the normal population (14,16,46).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of chromium niacinate and chromium picolinate supplementation on lipid peroxidation, TNF-α, IL-6, CRP, glycated hemoglobin, triglycerides, and cholesterol levels in blood of streptozotocin-treated diabetic rats

Jain

Rains

Croad

2007

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

148

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYChromium (Cr 3+ ) supplementation facilitate normal protein, fat and carbohydrate metabolism, and is widely used by public in many countries. This study examined the effect of chromium niacinate (Cr-N) or chromium picolinate (Cr-P) supplementation on lipid peroxidation (LP), TNF-α, IL-6, CRP, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1 ), cholesterol and triglycerides (TG) in diabetic rats. Diabetes (D) was induced in Sprague Dawley rats by streptozotocin (STZ) (ip, 65 mg/kg BW). Control buffer, Cr-N or Cr-P (400 µg Cr/Kg BW) was administered by gavages daily for 7 wks. Blood was collected by heart puncture using light anesthesia. Diabetes caused a significant increase in blood levels of TNF-α, IL-6, glucose, HbA 1 , cholesterol, TG and LP. Compared with D, Cr-N supplementation lowered the blood levels of TNF-α (p=0.04), IL-6 (p=0.02), CRP (p=0.02) LP (p=0.01), HbA 1 (p=0.02), TG (p=0.04) and cholesterol (p=0.04). Compared with D, Cr-P supplementation showed a decrease in TNF-α (p=0.02), IL-6 (p=0.02) and LP (p=0.01). Chromium niacinate lowers blood levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, CRP), oxidative stress and lipids levels in diabetic rats, and appears to be more effective form of Cr 3+ -supplementation. This study suggests that Cr 3+ -supplementation can lower risk of vascular inflammation in diabetes.

show abstract

“…The quality and quantity of macronutrients (especially fat and carbohydrates) are known to have an impact on the risk of type 2 diabetes; however, the role of micronutrients is not well established (1). Several studies have suggested a possible role of minerals such as magnesium (2,3), chromium (4,5), calcium (6), and iron (7) in insulin resistance or diabetes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron Intake and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Women

et al. 2006

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE -Epidemiological studies suggest that high body iron stores are associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary intake of iron and the risk of type 2 diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -We conducted a prospective cohort study within the Nurses' Health Study. We followed 85,031 healthy women aged 34 -59 years from 1980 to 2000. Dietary data were collected every 4 years, and data on medical history and lifestyle factors were updated biennially.RESULTS -During the 20 years of follow-up, we documented 4,599 incident cases of type 2 diabetes. We found no association between total, dietary, supplemental, or nonheme iron and the risk of type 2 diabetes. However, heme iron intake (derived from animal products) was positively associated with risk; relative risks (RRs) across increasing quintiles of cumulative intake were 1.00, 1.08 (95% CI 0.97-1.19), 1.20 (1.09 -1.33), 1.27 (1.14 -1.41), and 1.28 (1.14 -1.45) (P trend Ͻ 0.0001) after controlling for age, BMI, and other nondietary and dietary risk factors. In addition, when we modeled heme iron in seven categories, the multivariate RR comparing women who consumed Ն2.25 mg/day and those with intake Ͻ0.75 mg/day was 1.52 (1.22-1.88). The association between heme iron and the risk of diabetes was significant in both overweight and lean women.CONCLUSIONS -This large cohort study suggests that higher heme iron intake is associated with a significantly increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 29:1370 -1376, 2006D iet and lifestyle play a major role in the prevention of type 2 diabetes. The quality and quantity of macronutrients (especially fat and carbohydrates) are known to have an impact on the risk of type 2 diabetes; however, the role of micronutrients is not well established (1). Several studies have suggested a possible role of minerals such as magnesium (2,3), chromium (4,5), calcium (6), and iron (7) in insulin resistance or diabetes.Iron is a transitional metal and a potential catalyst in many cellular reactions that produce reactive oxygen species. Such reactions contribute to tissue damage and increase oxidative stress, thereby potentially altering the risk of type 2 diabetes (8). Several studies have suggested a possible link between high body iron stores and metabolic parameters (9 -13) (serum insulin and glucose) as well as hyp e r t e n s i o n ( 9 , 1 4 ) , d y s l i p i d e m i a (9,15,16), and obesity (9,17). In addition, epidemiological studies have reported an association between high iron stores and increased risk of cardiovascular disease (18), metabolic syndrome (10,12,19), gestational diabetes (20,21), and type 2 diabetes (22-27). The major source of body iron is derived from the diet. Dietary iron exists as either heme (derived from meat and meat products) or nonheme iron. In two recent prospective cohort studies (28,29), intake of total or nonheme iron was not associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes, but heme iron was associated with elevated risk. Th...

show abstract

Lower Toenail Chromium in Men With Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Compared With Healthy Men

Cited by 94 publications

References 26 publications

Interaction between essential trace and toxic elements in the scalp hair samples of smokers and alcohol user diabetics

Interaction between essential trace and toxic elements in the scalp hair samples of smokers and alcohol user diabetics

Effect of chromium niacinate and chromium picolinate supplementation on lipid peroxidation, TNF-α, IL-6, CRP, glycated hemoglobin, triglycerides, and cholesterol levels in blood of streptozotocin-treated diabetic rats

Iron Intake and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Women

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About