Chrom<i>/</i>Nanocomposite ZrO₂- Pillared Bentonite Catalyst for Castor Oil <i>(Ricinus communis) </i>Hydrocracking

Abstract

It has been carried out preparation of Chrom/Nanocomposite ZrO2-Pillared Bentonite catalyst with varying the amount of impregnating precursor at 0 to 3% (w/w). Material characterization of catalyst was carried out using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), Infrared Spectroscopy (IR), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Brunauer, Emmett, Teller (BET) and acidity measurement of ammonia-adsorption method. The results of research showed that pillarization was able to increase the basal spacing, surface area, diameter of pore and total volume of pore in catalyst, however increasing of impregnated Cr metal on bentonite caused the decreasing of basal spacing and surface area of catalyst but it would also caused the increasing amount of acid site. The experimental results showed that the catalyst could convert the castor oil into a liquid phase of 78.80% (w/w) with a biogasoline content of 32,73% (w/w).

Synthesis of Mesoporous Carbon from Merbau Sawdust as a Nickel Metal Catalyst Support for Castor Oil Hydrocracking

“…Therefore, non-edible vegetable oil such as Castor oil (Ricinus communis L.) could be used as alternate source, as this oil is not suitable for consumption because it contains ricin and ricinin (two highly toxic proteins). [5][6][7][8][9][10]. Castor oil also contains 80-90% ricinoleic acid that can be converted into hydrocarbon [9].…”

“…[5][6][7][8][9][10]. Castor oil also contains 80-90% ricinoleic acid that can be converted into hydrocarbon [9].…”

Aluminosilicate Based Solid Acid Catalyst: Effect of Calcination Time, OH/Al Ratio and Keggin Ion Concentration on its Preparation

“…This indicates that the addition of pillaring agent Keggin ion [Al13O4(OH)24(H2O)12] 7+ reduces the diameter pore of bentonite due to the presence of micropores as a significant pore size after the intercalation process. In addition, this process also expands the basal spacing of bentonite [19,20,21]. The use of OH/Al ratios ranging from 1 to 10 mmol/g reduces bentonite pore diameter of from 6.8 to 3.38 nm.…”

Hydrocracking optimization of palm oil to bio-gasoline and bio-aviation fuels using molybdenum nitride-bentonite catalyst

“…29,30 Several new kinds of modied bentonite structures have been developed and demonstrated their potential in various catalytic processes. [31][32][33] Suseno 34 used Ni-Cu/ZrO 2 pillared bentonite in hydrocracking of palm oil to gasoline and revealed that the selectivity of gasoline fraction was inversely proportional to the Cu content of the catalyst. Wijaya et al 35 utilized Ni catalyst supported on sulfated ZrO 2 pillared bentonite and showed high activity and selectivity towards bio-gasoline from coconut oil conversion.…”