Choosing the Future for American Juvenile Justice

Zimring, Franklin E.; Tanenhaus, David S.

doi:10.18574/nyu/9781479816873.001.0001

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…Rather than face punishment as though they were adults, a better social response would be to avoid incarceration when possible, provide second chances and restorative justice methods, and engage youth in rehabilitative efforts. The essence of the message was later articulated succinctly by Zimring and Tannenhaus (2014): (a) kids are different than adults; (b) kids change; (c) growing up is effective crime control; and (d) juvenile courts are well-suited to the special needs of young offenders.…”

Section: The Fourth Wave: Developmental Reform In Juvenile Justicementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some focused on threats to national security, terrorist threats, risks of targeted lethal actions against political figures, and school violence threats (e.g., Borum et al, 1999; U.S. Department of Justice, 1998Justice, , 2012United States Secret Service, 2004). Others addressed threats of cyber-information theft, facility/building breaches, and risks of harm to commercial interests (e.g., American Society for Industrial Security, 2002;International Maritime Contractors Association, 2007;Wynn, 2014;Stango, Prasad & Kyriazanos 2009;Renfroe & Smith, 2011;World Bank, undated).…”

Section: Assessing Threats To the Developmental Reformmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The developmental reform in juvenile justice: Its progress and vulnerability.

Cavanagh

Paruk

Grisso

2022

Psychology, Public Policy, and Law

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Over the past twenty years, the developmental reform to juvenile justice has shifted law, policy, and practice toward a research-informed perspective on adolescent development. However, as with any reform, the developmental reform has vulnerabilities that may reduce its likelihood to be sustained. In order to maintain and build upon the gains of the developmental reform to juvenile justice, we document a 2-phase, 5-year effort to identify and track threats to the reform. In Phase I, a threat assessment methodology was employed to develop a consensus among a panel of experts about threats to the developmental reform and potential mitigating strategies. In Phase II, panelists completed a follow-up survey 5 years later to report the manifestation and impact of the threats they had forecasted. Overall, panelists viewed the health of the developmental reform in juvenile justice positively, particularly in its rate of progression and states’ interest in the reform. Eleven threats were identified in Phase I, but only 3 of these (Racial Bias, Fragmented Efforts, and Trends in Other Social Systems) were reported as having manifested in Phase II. Notably, many of the panelists were largely unfamiliar with new and ongoing reform-relevant research, pointing to an opportunity for reform-minded researchers to disseminate their findings among policymakers and practitioners. In addition to offering a perspective on the developmental reform, the threat assessment methodology used in the project offers potential for threat assessments to forecast future trends in other public policy reforms. We close with recommendations for sustaining the progress of the developmental reform movement.

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Section: The Fourth Wave: Developmental Reform In Juvenile Justicementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Assessing Threats To the Developmental Reformmentioning

confidence: 99%

The developmental reform in juvenile justice: Its progress and vulnerability.

Cavanagh

Paruk

Grisso

2022

Psychology, Public Policy, and Law

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Get Tough

Schlossman¹

2017

The Encyclopedia of Juvenile Delinquency and Justice

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“Get tough” is a phrase that began to be used widely in the 1980s and 1990s to describe new criminal justice policies geared toward punishment and generally not concerned with rehabilitation. Scholars disagree about the timing, content, scale, and long‐term effects of juvenile justice policy reforms initiated in the “get‐tough” era. Beginning in the late 1970s and 1980s, politicians went out of their way to show how tough they were on crime, and they led a backlash against the deinstitutionalization‐era reforms of the previous decade. In the 1990s, concerns about youth “superpredators” led most states to pass legislation making it easier to transfer youth to adult court. While the effect of the get‐tough movement on the juvenile court system has sometimes been overstated, over the past 30 years there has been a gradual and partial chiseling away at the justice system's goal of doing the least harm to delinquent youth.

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Relationships Among Student, Staff, and Administrative Measures of School Climate and Student Health and Academic Outcomes

Gase

Gomez²,

Kuo

et al. 2017

Journal of School Health

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BACKGROUND School climate is an integral part of a comprehensive approach to improving the wellbeing of students; however, little is known about the relationships between its different domains and measures. This study examined the relationships between student, staff, and administrative measures of school climate in order to understand the extent to which they were related to each other and student outcomes. METHODS The sample included 33,572 secondary school students from 121 schools in Los Angeles County during the 2014–2015 academic year. A multilevel regression model was constructed to examine the association between the domains and measures of school climate and five outcomes of student wellbeing: depressive symptoms or suicidal ideation, tobacco use, alcohol use, marijuana use, and grades. RESULTS Student, staff, and administrative measures of school climate were weakly correlated. Strong associations were found between student outcomes and student reports of engagement and safety, while school staff reports and administrative measures of school climate showed limited associations with student outcomes. CONCLUSIONS As schools seek to measure and implement interventions aimed at improving school climate, consideration should be given to grounding these efforts in a multi-dimensional conceptualization of climate that values student perspectives and includes elements of both engagement and safety.

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Choosing the Future for American Juvenile Justice

Cited by 6 publications

References 119 publications

The developmental reform in juvenile justice: Its progress and vulnerability.

The developmental reform in juvenile justice: Its progress and vulnerability.

Get Tough

Relationships Among Student, Staff, and Administrative Measures of School Climate and Student Health and Academic Outcomes

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