Chondromyxoid fibroma of zygoma: A rare case report

Abstract

Chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) is a rare benign mesenchymal tumor of the bone. Clinically, it is characterized by a lobular growth pattern and histologically by chondroid and myxoid differentiation. The tumor is rare in the craniofacial bones with only 2% of all reported cases. Extragnathic location in the facial skeleton is extremely rare. Most of the cases reported either originate from gnathic sites or in the cranium. A case of CMF in a 3½-year-old male is presented here, which arose from the root of zygomatic arch. A detailed clinical history and histopathological picture of one more case is added to the literature. It is important to document such cases so that better light can be shed on future reviews and conclusions. This shall facilitate better treatment approaches and prognosis. This case is the first reported case of involvement of the zygomatic arch in a pediatric patient.

Chondromyxoid fibroma of zygoma in an elderly patient: A rare presentation

“…[ 6 7 ] Frank hyaline cartilage foci are rare, only a few tumors show calcification or mineralization and only 19% of the cases of FC have hyaline cartilage. [ 3 4 ] In this case, the lesion did not have any hyaline cartilage.…”

“…Only three cases involving the zygomatic bone have been reported. [ 2 4 5 ] However, we have presented the case of a 68-year-old patient, considerably older than what is established in the literature.…”

“…It is important to distinguish it from these lesions, as 22–28% of CF cases correspond to a mistaken diagnosis. [ 4 ] Some of CF's traits like its radiographic presentation and the lesion's histology help us to differentiate it from a chondrosarcoma. Radiographically, chondrosarcoma presents itself as a radiolucent area with several radiopaque regions with pointed forms or in ring shapes.…”

Treatment of cryotherapy and orthotopic transplantation following chondromyxoid fibroma of zygomatic bone

“…[ 14 , 15 ] Frank hyaline cartilage center is rarely seen, and only 19% of patients with CMF have hyaline cartilage. [ 9 , 16 ] Meanwhile, local calcified lesions are also rare. CMF needs to be distinguished with chondroma using immunohistochemical test in which CMF is marked by epithelial membrane antigen and positive S100 proteins and cytokeratins, whereas chondroma is only manifested by positive S100 proteins.…”

“…Generally, CMF needs to be distinguished with chondrosarcoma as 22% to 28% of patients with CMF may be misdiagnosed. [ 9 ] Imageologically, chondrosarcoma is marked by mouse-bite or insect-bite osteolytic bone lesions with invasive bone destruction, lobulated lesion, and unclear border, which often showed invasive growth to surrounding tissues. Histologically, chondrosarcoma lesions reveal fine calcified lesions, are atypical lobular in structure, and may be separated by fillet or saturate into trabecula.…”