Chondromatous hamartoma of cervical esophagus: a case report and literature review

Zhang, Chong; Xu, Jun; Wang, Zhitian; He, Zhehao; Yang, Hua; Hu, Jian

doi:10.21037/jtd.2017.02.79

Cited by 3 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…In our case EUS was not usable because of very proximal location of the tumour in the oesophagus but CT scan revealed cystic nature of the tumour and the tumour appeared benign in nature. In contrast to our finding Zhang et al have reported usefulness of EUS in the differential diagnosis of cervical oesophageal hamartomas (8).…”

Section: A B C a Bcontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Previous reports have described intraluminal polypomatous descriptions of oesophageal hamartoma or lower intramural oesophageal hamartoma (2,3,5,14) or lower intramural oesophageal hamartoma (4). Hamartoma in cervical oesophagus of adults is extremely rare and only five case reports on this entity have been published this far (2,3,5,8,15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hamartomas were introduced in 1904 by Albrecht (1) as tumour-like malformations with mixing normal tissue components in the organ in which they occur. Hamartomas of the lung and airways are relatively common tumours, but only a few reports describe a hamartoma of the oesophagus in adults (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). Also, hamartomas of the nasotracheal tract have been presented, and most of them in paediatric population (9,10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A hamartoma presenting as an intramural upper oesophageal tumour

et al. 2017

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Oesophageal hamartomas are extremely rare conditions especially in upper oesophagus. We report on a 20-year-old woman who presented with dysphagia and was diagnosed with a retrosternal 4.9 cm × 9.0 cm heterogenic tumour located in her upper oesophagus. Preoperative examinations included computed tomography of the chest, bronchoscopy and esophagoscopy, and no signs of malignancy were noted. She underwent surgical resection of the mass and the final histopathological diagnosis was osteochondromatous hamartoma of the upper oesophagus. No acute or long-term complications or tumour recurrence were noted during a 6-year follow-up. Operative treatment was scheduled, but due to patientrelated factors, the operation was postponed to September 2010. Operative treatment consisted of a neck incision to approach the oesophagus, which was then encircled and muscular wall was opened vertically keeping the mucosa intact. The tumour was identified between muscle and mucosal layer and a pericapsular enucleation was performed (Figure 2). The patient was discharged on the second postoperative day without any primary complications. On a follow-up visit one month later the patient complained hoarseness and a consultation was appointed at the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. Left vocal cord paralysis was noted and scheduled for follow-up. During the first 1-year follow-up, her hoarseness subsided without any intervention and the patient has remained also otherwise symptomless. Pathologic findingsIn light microscopy the surgical specimen composed of mature fat tissue, fibrous tissue, cartilage and benign glandular structures (Figure 3). DiscussionWe report on a rare finding of a mediastinal mass that was diagnosed as a large intramural hamartomatous tumour of the proximal oesophagus. The final diagnosis was only evident macroscopically perioperatively and histopathologically after surgical resection of the entire tumour mass. This report adds to the differential diagnosis of slowly growing upper mediastinal tumours. More importantly it demonstrates the importance of preoperative assessment and the value of preparing the patient even for major resections and reconstructions even though the final surgical outcome based on a rare histological alternative may lead to a totally different outcome.Benign tumours of the oesophagus are rare accounting up to 0.5% or less of all oesophageal tumours at autopsy (11,12). Other types of tumours rise from distal to middle oesophagus, and only fibrovascular polyps tend to dominate in upper oesophagus (12). The most common tumour type is leiomyoma, while other benign tumours are rare, such as neurofibromas (schwannoma), granular cell tumours, hemangiomas, lipomas, and other types of polyps like hamartoma (13). Previous reports have described intraluminal polypomatous descriptions of oesophageal hamartoma or lower intramural oesophageal hamartoma (2,3,5,14) or lower intramural oesophageal hamartoma (4). Hamartoma in cervical oesophagus of adults is extremely rare and only fi...

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Section: A B C a Bcontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A hamartoma presenting as an intramural upper oesophageal tumour

et al. 2017

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“…Chondromatous hamartoma is an uncommon intramural lesion of the esophagus composed by hyaline cartilage, spindle cells, and glandular structures [ 50 ]. It represents <7% of all benign polypoid lesions of the esophagus and are mainly located between muscle and mucosal layer and can be endoscopically resected [ 3 , 50 ]. Differential diagnosis should firstly include low-grade chondrosarcoma, choristoma, and teratoma [ 50 , 51 ].…”

Section: Mesenchymal Hamartomasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It represents <7% of all benign polypoid lesions of the esophagus and are mainly located between muscle and mucosal layer and can be endoscopically resected [ 3 , 50 ]. Differential diagnosis should firstly include low-grade chondrosarcoma, choristoma, and teratoma [ 50 , 51 ].…”

Section: Mesenchymal Hamartomasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonpolypous Hamartomas of the Gastrointestinal Tract: An Updated Review on Classification, Denominations, and Clinical Management

Gurzu

Jung

2022

Journal of Oncology

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Purpose. To perform the first systematic report about histological subtypes of nonpolypous hamartomas of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, from esophagus to anal canal. Design. From over 19,000 studies about hamartomas, most of them published as case series or case presentations, we have selected the most representative ones for the GI tract, excluding polyposis syndromes. To have a whole picture of these hamartomas, all of the data were combined with the personal experience of the authors who are GI pathologists. Results. The examined articles showed predominance of vascular and combined vascular and mesenchymal hamartomas. Arteriovenous hamartomas or Brunner gland hamartomas are mainly diagnosed in the small intestine, with preponderance for duodenum. Other malformations such cavernous hamartomas are more specific for the colorectal segments, whereas chondromatous hamartomas or those derived from the neural ectoderm were mostly reported in the esophagus. As newly recognized entities were admitted in the last years, misdiagnosis is frequent, and the best therapeutic approach is far to be known. Conclusion. Even rare, hamartomas of the GI tract need to be differentiated from tumors and familial polyposis syndromes. Knowing their proper denominations and possible complications is valuable for gastroenterologists, pathologists, and surgeons, to be aware in the differential diagnosis.

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Massive Myelomatous Pleural Effusion With Contralateral Mediastinal Shift: A Unique Presentation of Extramedullary Myeloma

Polski,

Ramirez Marquez,

McQuiston

2023

Cureus

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Multiple myeloma (MM) is a relatively common malignancy that primarily affects the bone marrow, while extramedullary disease (EMD) occurs in the skin and muscle, lung pleura, lymph nodes, liver, and CNS. Myelomatous pleural effusion (MPE) is a rare extramedullary manifestation of MM in which pleural fluid is composed almost entirely of abnormal plasma cells. MPE and other types of EMD are associated with poor prognosis, and MPE can present emergently due to tension physiology. We report a case of a patient with massive MPE presenting with contralateral midline shift. There are exceedingly few such cases and this report highlights a unique presentation of this rare clinical entity. Epidemiology, radiographic features, diagnosis, treatment, and implications for the prognosis of the disease are discussed.

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Chondromatous hamartoma of cervical esophagus: a case report and literature review

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

A hamartoma presenting as an intramural upper oesophageal tumour

A hamartoma presenting as an intramural upper oesophageal tumour

Nonpolypous Hamartomas of the Gastrointestinal Tract: An Updated Review on Classification, Denominations, and Clinical Management

Massive Myelomatous Pleural Effusion With Contralateral Mediastinal Shift: A Unique Presentation of Extramedullary Myeloma

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