Chondrocyte Mitosis in the Articular Cartilage of Femoral Heads with Various Diseases

Hirotani, Hayato; Ito, Takahiro

doi:10.3109/17453677508989287

Cited by 31 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The proliferation of chondrocytes in OA cartilage is the accepted hypothesis for the formation of the ''clones'' (Mankin, 1962a,b;Telhag, 1972Telhag, , 1973Rothwell, 1973;Hirotani and Ito, 1975;Havdrup, 1978). All data supporting this hypothesis have been based on the incorporation of 3 H-Tymidine in the OA chondrocytes or on the presence of two nuclei within the same lacuna (Lee et al, 1993).…”

Section: Results and Discussion Phenotype Variability Of Chondrocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of microscopical techniques in the study of human chondrocytes from osteoarthritic cartilage: An overview

Kourí

Argüello

Luna

et al. 1998

Microsc. Res. Tech.

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Section: Results and Discussion Phenotype Variability Of Chondrocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of microscopical techniques in the study of human chondrocytes from osteoarthritic cartilage: An overview

Kourí

Argüello

Luna

et al. 1998

Microsc. Res. Tech.

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“…The requirement of human chondrocytes for human rather than fetal bovine serum has been shown in previous studies (23). Autoradiographs have repeatedly failed to reveal incorporation of thymidine into normal adult human or rabbit articular cartilage (24,25). Our observation that label-ing did occur, when 3H-Tdr that had high specific activity was used for a long (19-hour) incubation period, suggests that some of these cells already are engaged in or are more readily induced to enter into DNA synthesis than is ordinarily perceived.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Stimulation of dna synthesis by ascorbate in cultures of articular chondrocytes

Krystal

Morris

Sokoloff

1982

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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The addition of 0.2 mM Na L-ascorbate increased the incorporation of 3H-thymidine by rabbit articular chondrocytes in cell and organ culture. The stimulatory response of explants to ascorbate was potentiated by pretreatment of the cartilage with 0.2% clostridial collagenase (type 1) or trypsin for 15-30 minutes. In explants there was a latent period of 3 to 4 days before increased labeling of the nuclei could be detected. The effect was transient and declined after 8 days of culture. it was more evident in organ cultures of immature (3-month-old) than 2-to 3-year-old rabbits. Age differences were not detected in cell cultures. Explants of adult human articular cartilage were stimulated by ascorbate when the medium was supplemented with 10% fresh human serum but not by fetal bovine serum. The findings indicated that synthesis of DNA by articular chondrocytes in situ is regulated by responsiveness of the cells proper to compounds such as vitamin C, by properties of the extracellular matrix, and by factors in the serum. Ascorbate was cytotoxic at concentrations >0.2 mM in the presence of certain batches of serum and when added to monolayers before the cells attached to the surface of the flask.The principal metabolic action of vitamin C on articular chondrocytes that has been studied is the stimulation of collagen synthesis (1). There also have been indications of effects on cartilage matrix (2,3) and on several catabolic enzyme activities (4). Less is known about the effect of L-ascorbic acid on DNA synthesis. In a previous study (3, outgrowth of chondrocytes from explants from rabbit articular cartilage was shown to be enhanced by this compound. So, too, was proliferation of chondrocytes in monolayer culture (6). We report here that ascorbate, over a limited range of concentrations, promoted DNA synthesis by articular chondrocytes in organ-cultured cartilage as well as in cell culture. The significance is that articular chondrocytes, traditionally considered terminally differentiated and incapable of mitotic division in situ, can, in fact, engage in replicative activity while still surrounded by an extracellular matrix. MATERIALS AND METHODSChondrocytes were cultured variously as monolayers or tissue explants from the joints of rabbits that ranged in age from 3 months to more than 2 years (Table I , Figure 1).Monolayer culture. The methods for cell culture have been described in detail elsewhere (7-9). Chondrocytes were dissociated from the cartilage by serial enzymatic digestion, the definitive step using 0.2% weight/volume (w/v) clostridial collagenase (Worthington-Millipore CLS-11). The experiments were performed on cells in their first passage. Dulbecco-Vogt modified Eagle medium (DMEM) containing 450 mg glucose/dl supplemented by 10% fetal bovine serum and penicillin-streptomycin (all from GIBCO) was used. Except where otherwise indicated, the final concentration of

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“…Previous studies have demonstrated enhanced sulfate incorporation by chondrocyte clusters in fibrillated patellae, and this was related to the rate of chondrocyte proliferation (21,44). While chondrocytes in normal cartilage are generally considered to be mitotically dormant, convincing metabolic (35,47,50) and autoradiographic (45,46,48,49) evidence has shown that chondrocytes can switch to a reactive mitotic proliferation under traumatic or degenerative conditions. That all the chondrocytes within these clusters originate from the one original progenitor cell in the chondron, and hence form a true "clone," has yet to be established.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…It is characterized in both spontaneous and experimentally induced disease by marked alterations in matrix histochemistry (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27) and ultrastructure (28-34), biochemical composition (3541), and cellular metabolism (21,35,(42)(43)(44). Variable rates of chondrocyte necrosis and reactive mitotic proliferation have also been reported (35,(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50). In this study, we focused our attention on the chondrocyte and its pericellular microenvironment, following the application of chondron extraction techniques to normal and osteoarthritic human and canine cartilage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chondrons from articular cartilage. III. Morphologic changes in the cellular microenvironment of chondrons isolated from osteoarthritic cartilage

Poole

Matsuoka

Schofield

1991

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Chondrons were isolated from human and canine osteoarthritic cartilage using low-speed homogenization techniques. Changes in chondron morphology were evaluated using differential interference-contrast microscopy, phase-contrast microscopy, and histochemical and ultrastructural methods. Chondrocyte viability was assessed using fluorescein diacetate staining, and chondron metabolism was investigated using autoradiography. The results suggest that initial changes in the collagen and proteoglycan distribution within the chondron are followed by chondrocyte proliferation to form clusters. These techniques offer the potential to study cell matrix interactions in degenerative osteoarthritis.Chondrocytes from hyaline cartilage are surrounded by a specialized microenvironment termed the chondron (1-3). In ultrastructural studies of mature canine and human articular cartilage, chondrons in the middle and deep layers were shown to consist of a single chondrocyte, a pericellular matrix rich in proteoglycans, and a pericellular capsule containing

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Chondrocyte Mitosis in the Articular Cartilage of Femoral Heads with Various Diseases

Cited by 31 publications

References 14 publications

Use of microscopical techniques in the study of human chondrocytes from osteoarthritic cartilage: An overview

Use of microscopical techniques in the study of human chondrocytes from osteoarthritic cartilage: An overview

Stimulation of dna synthesis by ascorbate in cultures of articular chondrocytes

Chondrons from articular cartilage. III. Morphologic changes in the cellular microenvironment of chondrons isolated from osteoarthritic cartilage

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