Choline deficiency activates phospholipases A2 and C in rat liver without affecting the activity of protein kinase C

Singh, Ushasi; Yokota, Kinichi; Gupta, Charu; Shinozuka, Hisashi

doi:10.1016/0955-2863(90)90120-a

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…How could BHMT hyperactivation reduce liver steatosis, liver mass, and body mass? As choline becomes insufficient within hepatocytes, the cell must liberate additional soluble choline from PC (via phospholipases), or else the cell will suffer choline depletion [ 94 ]. The accelerated phospholipase activity will increase the production of non-esterified free fatty acids (FFAs).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flaxseed Increases Animal Lifespan and Reduces Ovarian Cancer Severity by Toxically Augmenting One-Carbon Metabolism

Weston

Hales

2021

Molecules

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We used an LC-MS/MS metabolomics approach to investigate one-carbon metabolism in the plasma of flaxseed-fed White Leghorn laying hens (aged 3.5 years). In our study, dietary flaxseed (via the activity of a vitamin B6 antagonist known as “1-amino d-proline”) induced at least 15-fold elevated plasma cystathionine. Surprisingly, plasma homocysteine (Hcy) was stable in flaxseed-fed hens despite such highly elevated cystathionine. To explain stable Hcy, our data suggest accelerated Hcy remethylation via BHMT and MS-B12. Also supporting accelerated Hcy remethylation, we observed elevated S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), an elevated SAM:SAH ratio, and elevated methylthioadenosine (MTA), in flaxseed-fed hens. These results suggest that flaxseed increases SAM biosynthesis and possibly increases polyamine biosynthesis. The following endpoint phenotypes were observed in hens consuming flaxseed: decreased physiological aging, increased empirical lifespan, 9–14% reduced body mass, and improved liver function. Overall, we suggest that flaxseed can protect women from ovarian tumor metastasis by decreasing omental adiposity. We also propose that flaxseed protects cancer patients from cancer-associated cachexia by enhancing liver function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flaxseed Increases Animal Lifespan and Reduces Ovarian Cancer Severity by Toxically Augmenting One-Carbon Metabolism

Weston

Hales

2021

Molecules

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“…Interestingly, choline deficiency increases PLA2 activity; a study in mice fed a choline-deficient diet found PLA2 activity increased by 50 % after 1 week and by 300 % after 4 weeks (Singh et al 1990).…”

Section: Choline Deficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

One-carbon metabolism in psychiatric illness

Sugden

2006

Nutr. Res. Rev.

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The cost of psychiatric illness to the UK economy was recently estimated at £77 billion annually. Despite years of research no firm aetiological explanation exists, and with no physiological or biochemical markers diagnosis is made entirely on a behavioural basis. All current pharmacological therapies are associated with serious long-term side effects. Substantial evidence supports the involvement of one-carbon cycle dysregulation in psychiatric illness, but this is not currently used as a basis for diagnosis or treatment. The present paper reviews the evidence for one-carbon cycle dysregulation in schizophrenic, bipolar, depressed and autistic patients. Also presented are novel findings from the field of epigenetics, which demonstrate how the one-carbon cycle-derived methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine influences the expression of key genes in the brain affecting memory, learning, cognition and behaviour, genes whose expression is reduced to varying degrees in these patient groups. Clinical evidence that nutritional supplements can rectify one-carbon cycle activity, and restore normal gene expression, suggests a novel approach to the development of biochemical tests and simple, non-harmful treatments for some psychiatric patients. Conversely, evidence from animal studies highlights the dangers of exposing the unborn fetus to very high dietary levels of folic acid, a one-carbon cycle cofactor. Fetal adaptations to a high-folate environment may interfere with folate metabolism postnatally, with serious consequences for the epigenetic regulation of gene expression. The public health implications of these diverse scenarios indicate an urgent need for further research in this field.

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Alterations of Cell Surface Receptors and Expression of Cellular Oncogenes in the Liver of Rats Fed a Hypolipidemic Peroxisome Proliferator

Hsieh

Weinstein

Betschart

et al. 1991

Chemical Carcinogenesis 2

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Choline deficiency activates phospholipases A2 and C in rat liver without affecting the activity of protein kinase C

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Flaxseed Increases Animal Lifespan and Reduces Ovarian Cancer Severity by Toxically Augmenting One-Carbon Metabolism

Flaxseed Increases Animal Lifespan and Reduces Ovarian Cancer Severity by Toxically Augmenting One-Carbon Metabolism

One-carbon metabolism in psychiatric illness

Alterations of Cell Surface Receptors and Expression of Cellular Oncogenes in the Liver of Rats Fed a Hypolipidemic Peroxisome Proliferator

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