Cholesterol-Lowering Potentials of Lactic Acid Bacteria Based on Bile-Salt Hydrolase Activity and Effect of Potent Strains on Cholesterol MetabolismIn VitroandIn Vivo

Abstract

This study collected different probiotic isolates from animal and plant sources to evaluate the bile-salt hydrolase activity of probiotics in vitro. The deconjugation potential of bile acid was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. HepG2 cells were cultured with probiotic strains with high BSH activity. The triglyceride (TG) and apolipoprotein B (apo B) secretion by HepG2 cells were evaluated. Our results show that the BSH activity and bile-acid deconjugation abilities of Pediococcus acidilactici NBHK002, Bifidobacterium adolescentis NBHK006, Lactobacillus rhamnosus NBHK007, and Lactobacillus acidophilus NBHK008 were higher than those of the other probiotic strains. The cholesterol concentration in cholesterol micelles was reduced within 24 h. NBHK007 reduced the TG secretion by 100% after 48 h of incubation. NBHK002, NBHK006, and NBHK007 could reduce apo B secretion by 33%, 38%, and 39%, respectively, after 24 h of incubation. The product PROBIO S-23 produced a greater decrease in the total concentration of cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, TG, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance in the serum or livers of hamsters with hypercholesterolemia compared with that of hamsters fed with a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet. These results show that the three probiotic strains of lactic acid bacteria are better candidates for reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Dual function of Lactobacillus kefiri DH5 in preventing high‐fat‐diet‐induced obesity: direct reduction of cholesterol and upregulation of PPAR‐α in adipose tissue

“…A previous study showed that some Lactobacillus reuteri strains reduced the level of cholesterol from 20.18 to 59.94%, and some Lactobacillus acidophilus strains reduced the level from 49.57 to 55.43% for 24 h ; these results are consistent with the results of the present study. In contrast, another study reported that Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus sakei reduced the level of cholesterol by approximately 30% and Pediococcus acidilactici did so by 20% for 24 h . To our knowledge, this is one of the first studies to demonstrate the cholesterol‐reducing activity of LAB strains specifically derived from kefir.…”

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and chronic vascular complications of diabetes mellitus

“…There is also evidence suggesting that alteration of bile acid metabolism by the intestinal microbiota may influence CVD risk by affecting LDL-cholesterol metabolism, vasomotor tone and blood pressure 129,134 . Furthermore, treatment with Bifidobacterium may influence cholesterol metabolism by decreasing serum total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations 135 . CDCA treatment has also recently been shown to decrease the LDLreceptor modulator proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) 136 , providing another potentially important mechanism by which BAs may modify cholesterol metabolism.…”

Novel microencapsulated probiotic blend for use in metabolic syndrome: design and in-vivo analysis

“…Of the different types of probiotics studied, strains from the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species have shown the greatest potential in targeting the risk factors that characterize the metabolic syndrome [12,13,16]. The use of multiple probiotic strains simultaneously has also been suggested to bring together the many benefits associated with each individual probiotic [17][18][19].…”