Dual function of <i>Lactobacillus kefiri</i> DH5 in preventing high‐fat‐diet‐induced obesity: direct reduction of cholesterol and upregulation of PPAR‐α in adipose tissue

Kim, Dong‐Hyeon; Jeong, Dana; Kang, Inpil; Kim, Hyun‐Sook; Song, Kwang‐Young; Seo, Kun‐Ho

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201700252

Cited by 110 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Therefore, we considered Bacteroides, Prevotella and Akkermansia may be critical contributors for improving lipid metabolism in HFD-fed rats. Intriguingly, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus enhanced remarkably in FMT-HF group rats, which is in contrast with the previous studies that Lactobacillus prevented HFD-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis [50,51]. Nevertheless, our results supported another standpoint that there was a positive correlation between Lactobacillus and obesity [52,53].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

The Polyphenol-Rich Extract from Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa L.) Modulates Gut Microbiota and Improves Lipid Metabolism in Diet-Induced Obese Rats

Zhu¹,

Zhang²,

Wei³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The gut microbiota plays a critical role in obesity and lipid metabolism disorder. Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa L.) are rich in polyphenols with various physiological and pharmacological activities. We determined serum physiological parameters and fecal microbial components by using related kits, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing every 10 days. Real-time PCR analysis was used to measure gene expression of bile acids (BAs) and lipid metabolism in liver and adipose tissues. We analyzed the effects of different Chokeberry polyphenol (CBPs) treatment time on obesity and lipid metabolism in high fat diet (HFD)-fed rats. The results indicated that CBPs treatment prevents obesity, liver steatosis and improves dyslipidemia in HFD-fed rats. CBPs modulated the composition of the gut microbiota with the extended treatment time, reducing the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (F/B ratio) and increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Prevotella, Akkermansia and other bacterial species associated with anti-obesity properties. We found that CBPs treatment gradually decreased the total BAs pool and particularly reduced the relative content of cholic acid (CA), deoxycholic acid (DCA) and enhanced the relative content of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA). These changes were positively correlated Bacteroides, Prevotella and negatively correlated with Clostridium, Eubacterium, Ruminococcaceae. In liver and white adipose tissues, the gene expression of lipogenesis, lipolysis and BAs metabolism were regulated after CBPs treatment in HFD-fed rats, which was most likely mediated through FXR and TGR-5 signaling pathway to improve lipid metabolism. In addition, the mRNA expression of PPARγ, UCP1 and PGC-1α were upregulated markedly in interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) after CBPs treatment. We confirmed that CBPs could reduce the body weight of HFD-fed rats by accelerating energy homeostasis and thermogenesis in iBAT. Finally, the fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiment results demonstrated that FMT from CBPs-treated rats failed to reduce the weight of HFD-fed rats. However, FMT from CBPs-treated rats improved dyslipidemia and reshaped gut microbiota in HFD-fed rats. In conclusion, CBPs treatment improved obesity and complications by regulating gut microbiota in HFD-fed rats. The gut microbiota plays an important role in BAs metabolism after CBPs treatment, and BAs have therefore emerged as major effectors in microbe-host signaling events that influence host lipid metabolism, energy metabolism and thermogenesis.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

The Polyphenol-Rich Extract from Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa L.) Modulates Gut Microbiota and Improves Lipid Metabolism in Diet-Induced Obese Rats

Zhu¹,

Zhang²,

Wei³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…L. kefiri is one of the important members of LAB microbiota in milk kefir that was reported to have crucial roles for kefir fermentation as well as for kefiran production (Magalhaes et al ; Magalhães et al ). Several studies also showed the potential probiotic functions of L. kefiri (Kim et al ) and the second dominant presence of this species in traditional kefir grains can be crucial. Similarly, L. kefiranofaciens is another important kefir oriented LAB species that was mainly related to kefiran production (Hamet et al ) and other potential probiotic functions were also discussed for this species (Chen et al ) and we have determined three distinct L. kefiranofaciens strains in this study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Diversity and functional characteristics of lactic acid bacteria from traditional kefir grains

Purutoğlu

İspirli

Yüzer

et al. 2019

Int J of Dairy Tech

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Traditional kefir grains were collected from distinct parts of Turkey, and their microbial profile was determined. A wide bacterial biota was observed formed by distinct lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in which Lactococcus lactis strains appeared to be dominant. Yeast species were also identified in kefir grains. Significant levels of antifungal and antibacterial activities were monitored in kefir isolates. All tested LAB produced an exopolysaccharide (EPS) containing glucose and galactose, and some strains formed a fructan-type EPS. Importantly, low levels of antibiotic resistance were observed among the kefir isolates. (2016) Isolation of exopolysaccharide-producing bacteria and yeasts from Tibetan kefir and characterisation of the exopolysaccharides. International Journal of Dairy Technology 69 410-417. Demirbas ß F, _ Ispirli H, Kurnaz A A, Yilmaz M T and Dertli E (2017) Antimicrobial and functional properties of lactic acid bacteria isolated from sourdoughs. LWT-Food Science and Technology 79 361-366. Dertli E and C ß on A H (2017) Microbial diversity of traditional kefir grains and their role on kefir aroma. LWT-Food Science and Technology 85 151-157. Dertli E, Mercan E, Arıcı M, Yılmaz M T and Sa gdıc ß O (2016) Characterisation of lactic acid bacteria from Turkish sourdough and determination of their exopolysaccharide (EPS) production characteristics. LWT-Food Science and Technology 71 116-124. Dertli E, Colquhoun I J, Côt e G L, Le Gall G and Narbad A (2018) Structural analysis of the a-D-glucan produced by the sourdough isolate Lactobacillus brevis E25. Food chemistry 242 45-52. Franzetti L, Galli A, Pagani M and Noni I D (1998) Microbiological and chemical investigations on sugar kefir drink. Annali di Microbiologia ed Enzimologia. 48 67-80. Gao J, Gu F, Abdella N H, Ruan H and He G (2012) Investigation on culturable microflora in Tibetan kefir grains from different areas of China. Journal of food science 77 M425-M433. Garofalo C, Osimani A, Milanovi c V, Aquilanti L, De Filippis F, Stellato G and Ercolini D (2015) Bacteria and yeast microbiota in milk kefir grains from different Italian regions. Food Microbiology 49 123-133. Gul O, Atalar I, Mortas M and Dervisoglu M (2018) Rheological, textural, colour and sensorial properties of kefir produced with buffalo milk using kefir grains and starter culture: A comparison with cows' milk kefir. International Journal of Dairy Technology 71 73-80.

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“…High body weight chickens exhibited higher expression of fat synthesis-related genes in the liver, as well as greater numbers of fat vacuoles in hepatocytes, suggesting stronger fat synthesis in the livers of high body weight chickens. At the same time, the expression of fat catabolism-related genes increased, ultimately promoting the oxidative catabolism of fatty acids, thereby providing energy for the growth and development of chickens [42][43][44]. Abdominal adipose tissue is the main organ of fat synthesis and deposition; the upregulated expression of adipocyte differentiationrelated genes can mediate excessive proliferation and differentiation of adipocytes, causing excessive deposition of fat in animal bodies [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taken together with the fat metabolism results, high body weight chickens store less fat, yet degrade fat to obtain more energy to improve growth [48,49]. Gut microbiota affect fat synthesis and deposition in animals by regulating the expression of fat metabolism-related genes in tissues [44,54,55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cecal microbiota affects chicken growth performance by regulating fat metabolism

Zhang¹,

Y²,

Ansari³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background A growing body of evidences suggest critical role of the chicken gut microbiota in growth performance and fat metabolism. However, the underlying mechanism by which the gut microbiota affects chicken growth performance by regulating fat metabolism remains unclear. The purpose of current study was to compare cecal microbial communities between high and low body weight chickens and verify the correlation between fat metabolism and gut microbiota. Results Seven-week-old male and female chickens with significantly different body weight were used in the present study. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to reveal the cecal microbial community. Fat metabolism levels were compared between high and low body weight chickens. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the cecal microbiota and fat metabolism. Transferring fecal microbiota from adult chickens with high body weight into one-day-old chickens was examined by oral administration to verify gut microbiota effects on chicken growth through regulation of fat metabolism. There were significant differences in body weight, chest and leg muscle indexes as well as in cross-sectional area of muscle cells, suggesting different growth performance between high and low body weight chickens. By comparing the relative abundance of gut microbes in the cecal content in high and low body weight chickens, we found that Microbacterium and Sphingomonas were more abundant in high body weight chickens and Slackia was more abundant in low body weight chickens. The fat metabolism level was markedly different in serum, liver, abdominal adipose, chest and leg muscles between high and low body weight chickens. Spearman correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between fat metabolism and the relative abundance of Microbacterium and Sphingomonas and a negative correlation between fat metabolism and the abundance of Slackia. Hence, transferring fecal microbiota, instead of saline, from adult chickens with high body weight into one-day-old chickens improved growth performance and fat metabolism in liver. Conclusions These results suggested that cecal microbiota could affect chicken growth performance by regulating fat metabolism.

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Dual function of Lactobacillus kefiri DH5 in preventing high‐fat‐diet‐induced obesity: direct reduction of cholesterol and upregulation of PPAR‐α in adipose tissue

Abstract: L. kefiri DH5 exerts anti-obesity effects by direct reduction of cholesterol in the lumen and upregulation of PPAR-α gene in adipose tissues.

Cited by 110 publications

References 41 publications

The Polyphenol-Rich Extract from Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa L.) Modulates Gut Microbiota and Improves Lipid Metabolism in Diet-Induced Obese Rats

The Polyphenol-Rich Extract from Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa L.) Modulates Gut Microbiota and Improves Lipid Metabolism in Diet-Induced Obese Rats

Diversity and functional characteristics of lactic acid bacteria from traditional kefir grains

Cecal microbiota affects chicken growth performance by regulating fat metabolism

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